Colonization and Maintenance of<i>Anopheles kleini</i>and<i>Anopheles sinensis</i>from the Republic of Korea

Phasomkusolsil, Siriporn; Kim, Sang Hyun; Pantuwattana, Kanchana; Tawong, Jaruwan; Khongtak, Weeraphan; Schuster, Anthony L.; Klein, Terry A.

doi:10.2987/13-6390.1

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The blood-fed adults were maintained in the AFRIMS insectary at 25 °C ± 1 °C and 80% relative humidity until transport to the Mae Sod Malaria Clinic, Mae Sod District (Thailand Ministry of Public Health. A 5% solution (v/v) of commercially produced multivitamin syrup (MULTILIM, Atlantic Pharmaceutical Co., Bangkok, Thailand) that included 5% sucrose (LIN, TTR Group, Col, Uthai Thani, Thailand) was as a food source and changed daily 92 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Plasmodium vivax sporozoite transcriptional journey from mosquito vector to human host

Roth

Adapa

Zhang

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Malaria parasites transmitted by mosquito bite are remarkably efficient in establishing human infections. The infection process requires roughly 30 minutes and is highly complex as quiescent sporozoites injected with mosquito saliva must be rapidly activated in the skin, migrate through the body, and infect the liver. This process is poorly understood for Plasmodium vivax due to low infectivity in the in vitro models. To study this skin-to-liver-stage of malaria, we used quantitative bioassays coupled with transcriptomics to evaluate parasite changes linked with mammalian microenvironmental factors. Our in vitro phenotyping and RNA-seq analyses revealed key microenvironmental relationships with distinct biological functions. Most notable, preservation of sporozoite quiescence by exposure to insect-like factors coupled with strategic activation limits untimely activation of invasion-associated genes to dramatically increase hepatocyte invasion rates. We also report the first transcriptomic analysis of the P. vivax sporozoite interaction in salivary glands identifying 118 infection-related differentially-regulated Anopheles dirus genes. These results provide important new insights in malaria parasite biology and identify priority targets for antimalarial therapeutic interventions to block P. vivax infection.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Plasmodium vivax sporozoite transcriptional journey from mosquito vector to human host

Roth

Adapa

Zhang

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…This puts US troops at risk of exposure if military forces press north. Furthermore, malaria was eradicated in South Korea in the 1970s, but soldiers (and increasingly, civilians as well) have been diagnosed with P. vivax malaria in the North-South demilitarized zone (Lee et al., 2002; Im et al., 2018), including reports of natural hybridization between local mosquito species and changing meteorological factors, to further perpetuate current observation (Choochote et al., 2014; Phasomkusolsil et al., 2014; Chang et al., 2016; Hwang et al., 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonconventional opponents: a review of malaria and leishmaniasis among United States Armed Forces

Beiter

Wentlent

Hamouda

et al. 2019

PeerJ

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As the United States military engage with different countries and cultures throughout the world, personnel become exposed to new biospheres as well. There are many infectious pathogens that are not endemic to the US, but two of particular importance are Plasmodium and Leishmania, which respectively cause malaria and leishmaniasis. These parasites are both known to cause significant disease burden in their endemic locales, and thus pose a threat to military travelers. This review introduces readers to basic life cycle and disease mechanisms for each. Local and military epidemiology are described, as are the specific actions taken by the US military for prevention and treatment purposes. Complications of such measures with regard to human health are also discussed, including possible chemical toxicities. Additionally, poor recognition of these diseases upon an individual’s return leading to complications and treatment delays in the United States are examined. Information about canine leishmaniasis, poorly studied relative to its human manifestation, but of importance due to the utilization of dogs in military endeavors is presented. Future implications for the American healthcare system regarding malaria and leishmaniasis are also presented.

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The relationship between wing length, blood meal volume, and fecundity for seven colonies of Anopheles species housed at the Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand

et al. 2015

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Established colonies of Anopheles campestris, Anopheles cracens, Anopheles dirus, Anopheles kleini, Anopheles minimus, Anopheles sawadwongporni, and Anopheles sinensis are maintained at the Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS). Females were provided blood meals on human blood containing citrate as an anticoagulant using an artificial membrane feeder. The mean wing length, used as an estimate of body size, for each species was compared to blood-feeding duration (time), blood meal volume, and numbers of eggs oviposited. Except for An. campestris and An. cracens, there were significant interspecies differences in wing length. The mean blood meal volumes (mm(3)) of An. kleini and An. sinensis were significantly higher than the other 5 species. For all species, the ratios of unfed females weights/blood meal volumes were similar (range: 0.76-0.88), except for An. kleini (1.08) and An. cracens (0.52), that were significantly higher and lower, respectively. Adult females were allowed to feed undisturbed for 1, 3, and 5min intervals before blood feeding was interrupted. Except for An. campestris and An. sawadwongporni, the number of eggs oviposited were significantly higher for females that fed for 3min when compared to those that only fed for 1min. This information is critical to better understand the biology of colonized Anopheles spp. and their role in the transmission of malaria parasites as they relate to the relative size of adult females, mean volumes of blood of engorged females for each of the anopheline species, and the effect of blood feeding duration on specific blood meal volumes and fecundity.

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Colonization and Maintenance ofAnopheles kleiniandAnopheles sinensisfrom the Republic of Korea

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Unraveling the Plasmodium vivax sporozoite transcriptional journey from mosquito vector to human host

Unraveling the Plasmodium vivax sporozoite transcriptional journey from mosquito vector to human host

Nonconventional opponents: a review of malaria and leishmaniasis among United States Armed Forces

The relationship between wing length, blood meal volume, and fecundity for seven colonies of Anopheles species housed at the Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand

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