Molecular mechanisms of quinolone, macrolide, and tetracycline resistance amongCampylobacterisolates from initial stages of broiler production

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the resistance mechanisms of quinolones, macrolides and tetracycline in campylobacter isolates from grandparent and parent broiler breeders in Spain. Twenty-six isolates were investigated for quinolone resistance, three isolates for macrolide resistance and 39 for tetracycline resistance. All of the quinolone-resistant isolates possessed the mutation Thr86Ile in the quinolone resistance-determining region of gyrA and one isolate possessed the mutation Pro104Ser. Only one Campylobacter coli population (defined by restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction of flaA and pulsed field gel electrophoresis) was resistant to erythromycin, and the mutation A2075G (23S rDNA) was responsible for macrolide resistance. The tetO gene was found in all of the tetracycline-resistant isolates. Twenty-two out of the 39 isolates investigated by Southern blot possessed chromosomic location of tetO and 17 were located on plasmids. Most of the plasmids with tetO were of around 60 kb and conjugation was demonstrated in a selection of them. In conclusion, we showed that Thr86Ile is highly prevalent in quinolone-resistant isolates as well as mutation A2075G in macrolide-resistant isolates of poultry origin. More variability was found for tetO. The possibility of horizontal transmission of tetO among campylobacter isolates is also an issue of concern in public health.

High Prevalence of Resistance to Fluoroquinolones and TetracyclineCampylobacterSpp. Isolated from Poultry in Poland

“…32 High levels of the resistance of Campylobacter isolates to fluoroquinolones have also been found in Latvia, Lithuania, Spain, and Iran. [33][34][35] Zhao et al 36 have shown 13 multidrug resistance profiles of C. jejuni and C. coli, isolated from humans, retail meats, and cecal samples of food production animals (e.g., chicken and turkey). Strains were resistant to tetracycline, gentamicin, azithromycin, clindamycin, telithromycin, erythromycin, and ciprofloxacin.…”

“…Our study revealed a high correlation between phenotypic resistance to a given drug tested and the presence of the gene/ mutation expected to confer resistance to that drug, which is in agreement with previous research. 24,25,34,42 With regard to fluoroquinolones, mutation Thr86Ile is the most prevalent in isolates, among other described mutations (i.e., Thr86Ala, Thr86Lys, Ala87Pro, Asp90His, and Asp90Tyr). 43,44 In this study, in relation to ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid, there was a 100% correlation to the presence of a Thr86Ile mutation and the observed quinolone resistance phenotype.…”

Current and Potential Treatments for Reducing Campylobacter Colonization in Animal Hosts and Disease in Humans

“…For example, the presence of conjugative plasmids containing tetO , have substantial roles in disseminating tetracycline resistance in Campylobacter (Pérez-Boto et al, 2014). Of the known antibiotic resistance determinants in Campylobacter , CmeABC is the best characterized (Martinez and Lin, 2006; Oh and Jeon, 2015).…”

Analysis of Resistance to Antimicrobials and Presence of Virulence/Stress Response Genes in Campylobacter Isolates from Patients with Severe Diarrhoea

“…For fluoroquinolones the main resistance mechanism is probably a mutation in the gyrA gene, which encodes part of the DNA gyrase [ 11 ], while tetracycline resistance is thought to be typically mediated through the tetO gene [ 12 , 13 ]. For macrolides, a mutation in the target ribosome binding site mediates resistance [ 14 ]. Compared with infection by antimicrobial-susceptible strains, antimicrobial-resistant strains of Campylobacter have been reported to be associated with a longer duration of clinical symptoms [ 15 , 16 ].…”