Comparison of plasma lipoprotein profiles and malondialdehyde between hyperlipidemia dogs with/without treatment

Abstract

BackgroundThe aim of this study is to compare metabolic parameters, malondialdehyde as a lipid oxidation marker, and lipid profiles between dogs with untreated hyperlipidemia and hyperlipidemia with treatment, in order to examine the usefulness of malondialdehyde and lipid profiles as diagnostic parameters at early stages of hyperlipidemia.ResultsDog samples were collected from four different veterinary clinics across Japan from March to June 2013. They were separated into three groups: control, untreated hyperlipidemia based on temporally screening, and hyperlipidemia with current anti-hyperlipidemic (statins and fibrates) treatment. Triglyceride levels of untreated hyperlipidemia dogs were significantly higher than those of control dogs. ALT levels of hyperlipidemic dogs with treatment were the highest among three groups. VLDL and LDL of both cholesterol and triglyceride of untreated hyperlipidemia dogs were the highest among three groups. HDL1 levels in triglyceride of hyperlipidemia dogs with treatment were significantly higher than those of control and untreated hyperlipidemia dog. Malondialdehyde concentrations of untreated hyperlipidemia dogs were significantly higher than those of control and hyperlipidemic dogs with treatment.ConclusionsIn this study, dogs with untreated hyperlipidemia clearly showed abnormal lipid status, whereas hyperlipidemic dogs under anti-hyperlipidemia treatment showed more normal lipid status suggesting the effectiveness of the therapy. Anti-hyperlipidemics (statins and fibrates) for dogs are also effective in relieving elevated levels of lipids and lipid oxidation. Plasma lipid (triglyceride and cholesterol) profiles and malondialdehyde are useful diagnostic tools for identifying early stages of untreatment hyperlipidemia in dogs.

Mefepronic acid is associated with a decrease in serum liver enzyme activities in dogs with suspected hepatopathy

“…Interestingly a similar effect was not observed in group C, thus letting us hypothesize an additional beneficial effect of PMPA. An increase in serum total cholesterol and/or triglyceride concentrations are indicative of diseases associated with endocrine disorders (hypothyroidism, hyperadrenocorticism, diabetes mellitus), obesity, protein‐losing nephropathy, pancreatitis, and liver disease (De Marco et al., 2017; Li et al., 2014; Sato et al., 2018). Hyperlipidemia in dogs has been associated with several clinical complications such as insulin resistance, increased liver enzyme activity, gallbladder mucocele, behavioural changes, peripheral neuropathies, and seizures (De Marco et al., 2017).…”

“…Hyperlipidemia in dogs has been associated with several clinical complications such as insulin resistance, increased liver enzyme activity, gallbladder mucocele, behavioural changes, peripheral neuropathies, and seizures (De Marco et al., 2017). The fibrates are currently considered the most effective antihyperlipidemic drugs available, whereas the statins are a class of LDL‐cholesterol lowering drugs (Li et al., 2014). Mefepronic acid in the present investigation produced a significant decrease in cholesterol concentrations over time, while triglycerides, after a first reduction from T0 to T2, showed a tendency to increase again at T3.…”

Comparison of Asymmetric Dimethyl Arginine and Oxidative Stress Parameters in Obese Dogs and Dogs with Clinically Normal Body Condition Based on Routine Hemogram and Serum Biochemicals

“…It has been reported that antioxidant levels increase due to increased oxidative stress during the development of obesity (Sabitha et al, 2014). Previous studies determined higher bilirubin levels in obese or hyperlipidemic dogs and humans (Yamka et al, 2006;Li et al, 2014;Piantedosi et al, 2016;Bosco et al, 2018). The bilirubin level determined in obesity increases to reduce the increasing oxidative stress load in metabolism and creates an antioxidant effect (Zhong et al, 2017).…”

“…MDA is a product of lipid peroxidation reaction and MDA levels increase in parallel with increased oxidative stress in obesity (Holguin and Fitzpatrick, 2010;Tabakoglu and Durgut, 2013;Amirkhizi et al, 2010). In a study conducted on dogs with hyperlipidemia, serum MDA levels were measured before and after treatment and it was determined that the MDA level decreased after treatment (Li et al, 2014). In another study by Kawasumi et al (2018), MDA levels were found to increase, although not statistically, in obese dogs fed high-fat diets for a long period.…”

Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate activates the AMP‐activated protein kinase signaling pathway to reduce lipid accumulation in canine hepatocytes

“…Meanwhile, hyperlipidemia can affect the brain and kidney (Cabrera, Artacho, & Giménez, 2006; Furrow et al, 2016). However, many hyperlipidemia canines do not show obvious symptoms which makes hyperlipidemia difficult to be diagnosed (Li et al, 2014). Of great importance is hyperlipidemia with insignificant symptoms and potential complications, it is necessary to find an effective method to decrease serum TG and CHO.…”