“…iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; nNOS, neuronal nitric oxide synthase; COX2, cyclooxygenase-2; TH, tyrosine hydroxylase that triggers inflammation. The action L-DOPA treatment enhances neuronal activity in the striatum, evidenced by the increase in the FOS-B expression due to L-DOPA stimulation on D1 receptor(Darmopil, Martín, De Diego, Ares, & Moratalla, 2009;Engeln et al, 2016;Sahin et al, 2014;Solís, Espadas, Del-Bel, & Moratalla, 2015;Solís, Garcia- Montes, Gonz alez-Granillo, Xu, & Moratalla, 2015).The excessive levels of neurotransmitters such as glutamate, which are released in the striatal extracellular fluid, following lesion induces together with dopamine decrease, a proinflammatory environment in the striatum. The chronic neuroinflammation state is also associated with L-DOPA chronic treatment, which could lead to the production of proinflammatory factors such as nitric oxide and superoxide radical, contributing to degeneration of dopaminergic neurons.…”