Prevalence of Premorbid Metabolic Syndrome in Spanish Adult Workers Using IDF and ATPIII Diagnostic Criteria: Relationship with Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Abstract

BackgroundMetabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a complex disorder defined as a cluster of interconnected risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity and high blood glucose levels. Premorbid metabolic syndrome (PMetS) is defined by excluding patients with previously diagnosed cardiovascular disease or diabetes mellitus from those suffering MetS. We aimed to determine the prevalence of PMetS in a working population, and to analyse the relationship between the diagnostic criteria of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (ATPIII). The relationship between the presence of PMetS and cardiovascular risk factors was also analysed.Research Methodology/FindingsA cross-sectional study was conducted in 24,529 male and 18,736 female Spanish (white western European) adult workers (20–65 years) randomly selected during their work health periodic examinations. Anthropometrics, blood pressure and serum parameters were measured. The presence of MetS and PMetS was ascertained using ATPIII and IDF criteria. Cardiovascular risk was determined using the Framingham-REGICOR equation. The results showed MetS had an adjusted global prevalence of 12.39% using ATPIII criteria and 16.46% using IDF criteria. The prevalence of PMetS was slightly lower (11.21% using ATPIII criteria and 14.72% using IDF criteria). Prevalence in males was always higher than in females. Participants with PMetS displayed higher values of BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, glucose and triglycerides, and lower HDL-cholesterol levels. Logistic regression models reported lower PMetS risk for females, non-obese subjects, non-smokers and younger participants. Cardiovascular risk determined with Framingham-REGICOR was higher in participants with PMetS.ConclusionsPMetS could be a reliable tool for the early identification of apparently healthy individuals who have a significant risk for developing cardiovascular events and type 2 diabetes.

Metabolic syndrome and prediabetes in Ndokwa community of Nigeria: Preliminary study

“…The study on Spanish adult workers using IDF and ATP III diagnostic criteria reports that in adult Spanish males and females, the presence of MS with adjusted global prevalence was 12.4% using ATP III criteria and 16.5% using the IDF criteria; and prevalence in males was always higher than in females. [ 5 ] The European standard of IDF identified more MS than the ATPIII, as the ethnic specific standard of IDF in this study did. Results from the Spanish study are comparable to ours, but we are mindful of the differences in settings and these include urban in the Spanish study, while our study was rural based.…”

“…While this may be argued as due to our acknowledged study limitation, it is noteworthy that nowadays, following the general consensus, the two most widely used definitions of MS are those of the ATPIII and the IDF. [ 5 16 ] Using these criteria, a prevalence of 13-30% of MS in developing countries and approximately 30-35% in developed countries is usually found. [ 5 6 ] It has been noted that the WHO definition is better suited as a research tool, whereas the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) ATP III definition was more useful for clinical practice.…”

“…[ 5 16 ] Using these criteria, a prevalence of 13-30% of MS in developing countries and approximately 30-35% in developed countries is usually found. [ 5 6 ] It has been noted that the WHO definition is better suited as a research tool, whereas the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) ATP III definition was more useful for clinical practice. [ 21 ] Clinicians prefer simple tools to assess patients and improve their management and it is generally agreed that the NCEP ATPIII definition is simpler for practice.…”

“…A prevalence of 13-30% in developing countries and approximately 30-35% in developed countries for MS has been reported. [ 5 6 ]…”

Índices aterogénicos en trabajadores de diferentes sectores laborales del área mediterránea española

“…Cada vez son más los estudios relacionados con el riesgo cardiovascular que se realizan en el ámbito laboral, aunque la mayoría se centran en el riesgo cardiovascular con los modelos clásicos 15 o en síndrome metabólico 16 …”