Pumping Ca2+ up H+ gradients: a Ca2+–H+ exchanger without a membrane

Swietach, Pawel; Leem, Chae Hun; Spitzer, Kenneth W.; Vaughan‐Jones, Richard D.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2013.265959

Cited by 27 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…Dutka et al [5] showed that carnosine can act like a calcium regulator, increasing the sensitivity of the contractile apparatus to calcium ions (Ca 2+ ). Furthermore, studies have suggested that carnosine can act as a combination of these functions, as a local “pump”, by exchanging Ca 2+ for H + [6, 7]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Four Weeks of β-Alanine Supplementation on Repeated Sprint Ability in Water Polo Players

et al. 2016

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of four weeks of β-alanine supplementation on repeated sprint ability in water polo players. Twenty-two male water polo players participated in the study, divided randomly into two homogeneous groups (placebo and β-alanine groups). The study design was double-blind, parallel and placebo controlled. Before and after the supplementation period (28 days), the athletes performed two specific repeated sprint ability tests interspaced by a 30-minute swimming test. Participants received 4.8g∙day-1 of the supplement (dextrose or β-alanine) on the first 10 days and 6.4g∙day-1 on the final 18 days. There was no significant group-time interaction for any variable. The qualitative inference for substantial changes demonstrated a likely beneficial effect in the β-alanine group (β-alanine vs placebo) for mean time (6.6±0.4s vs 6.7±0.4s; 81% likely beneficial), worst time (6.9±0.5s vs 7.1±0.5s; 78% likely beneficial) and total time (39.3±2.5s vs 40.4±2.5s; 81% likely beneficial) in the first repeated sprint ability set and for worst time (7.2±0.6s vs 7.5±0.6s; 57% possible beneficial) in the second repeated sprint ability set. Further, was found substantial change for total time for both repeated sprint ability tests (80.8±5.7s vs 83.4±5.6s; 52% possible beneficial). To conclude, four weeks of β-alanine supplementation had a likely beneficial effect in the first set of repeated sprint ability tests and a possible beneficial effect for worst time in the second set performed in a specific protocol in water polo players.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Four Weeks of β-Alanine Supplementation on Repeated Sprint Ability in Water Polo Players

et al. 2016

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“…The reviews by Swietach et al . () and Zhang et al . (), in the this issue of The Journal of Physiology , address the localised control of H + and nitric oxide (NO) levels, respectively, within the cardiac myocyte, and their coupling to intracellular Ca 2+ .…”

Section: Low Intracellular Ca2+ Mobility Encourages Local Microdomainsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…), and by Ca 2+ that, under the right circumstances, may liberate H + from HDPs (Swietach et al . ). There is thus the possibility of interaction among all three signalling systems.…”

Section: Low Intracellular Ca2+ Mobility Encourages Local Microdomainsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Cross‐talking Ca²⁺, H⁺ and nitric oxide

Vaughan‐Jones

2014

The Journal of Physiology

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“…It is hypothesised that carnosine can act as a Ca 2+ /H + exchanger [25,26]. During muscle contraction, Ca 2+ is required for cross-bridge formation whilst adenosine-tri phosphate (ATP) is used to provide energy.…”

Section: Ca2+ Ion Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

β–alanine: performance effects, usage and side effects

Kelly¹

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β-alanine is a relatively new ergogenic aid and a number of questions relating to its effectiveness in enhancing high intensity exercise performance remain to be addressed. The five studies described in this thesis examined the influence of β-alanine supplementation and high intensity training on exercise capacity and considered factors that potentially influence dosage compliance and side effects -factors that may impact on the ergogenic value of β-alanine supplementation. Study 1 examined the efficacy of β-alanine supplementation in conjunction with repeated sprint and sprint interval training (and combined with a pre-exercise dose of sodium bicarbonate), on repeated-sprint ability and high intensity cycling capacity (time to fatigue at 110% of maximum power output). β-alanine supplementation, when combined with sprint and interval training, improved repeated sprint ability but did not influence high intensity cycle capacity. Furthermore, acute sodium bicarbonate ingestion improved high intensity cycle capacity before training but had no influence on either repeated sprint ability or exercise capacity after training. It is likely that intramuscular buffer capacity increased as a result of training and that this may have outweighed the potential ergogenic buffering effects of β-alanine and sodium bicarbonate (i.e., both alone and in combination).Study 2 investigated β-alanine supplementation use and level of knowledge amongst professional rugby union (n = 87), rugby league (n = 180) and Australian Rules Football (n = 303) players. Over half the professional footballers surveyed used β-alanine, yet most supplemented in a manner inconsistent with recommendations. A better understanding of the environment and culture within professional football codes is required before supplement use aligns with evidence-based β-alanine supplementation recommendations. In light of these findings, Study 3 examined compliance levels to β-alanine supplementation in an applied setting. Compliance over a 28 day period was 59% (± 24%) which was significantly lower than the mean compliance rate reported by others (96%) (p < 0.0001). It was concluded that the determinants of β-alanine (non-) compliance in athletes needed to be further investigated. Study 4 examined potential relationships between different β-alanine dosages and side effects. Healthy male participants were divided into low (< 75 kg) and high (> 85kg) body mass groups and completed three supplementation treatments: 1. a placebo, 2. β-alanine as a relative dose of 0.02 g·kgBM -1 and 3. β-alanine as an absolute dose of 1.6 g. For 90 min following supplementation in each condition, participants completed a questionnaire that sought responses to side effects. It was found that lighter individuals iii experienced fewer side effects when they supplemented with β-alanine as a dose relative to body mass; heavier individuals experienced fewer side effects when they consumed an absolute dose of 1.6 g. It was concluded that individualising the supplementation of β-alanine is...

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Pumping Ca²⁺ up H⁺ gradients: a Ca²⁺–H⁺ exchanger without a membrane

Cited by 27 publications

References 50 publications

Effects of Four Weeks of β-Alanine Supplementation on Repeated Sprint Ability in Water Polo Players

Effects of Four Weeks of β-Alanine Supplementation on Repeated Sprint Ability in Water Polo Players

Cross‐talking Ca²⁺, H⁺ and nitric oxide

β–alanine: performance effects, usage and side effects

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Pumping Ca2+ up H+ gradients: a Ca2+–H+ exchanger without a membrane

Cited by 27 publications

References 50 publications

Effects of Four Weeks of β-Alanine Supplementation on Repeated Sprint Ability in Water Polo Players

Effects of Four Weeks of β-Alanine Supplementation on Repeated Sprint Ability in Water Polo Players

Cross‐talking Ca2+, H+ and nitric oxide

β–alanine: performance effects, usage and side effects

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Pumping Ca²⁺ up H⁺ gradients: a Ca²⁺–H⁺ exchanger without a membrane

Cross‐talking Ca²⁺, H⁺ and nitric oxide