Interactions Between the Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Ratio and Genetic Factors Determine Susceptibility to Pediatric Crohn's Disease

Costea, Irina; Mack, David R.; Lemaître, Rozenn N.; Israel, David M.; Marcil, Valérie; Ahmad, Ali; Amre, Devendra

doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2013.12.034

Cited by 82 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…There is evidence for a gene–diet interaction, in which variants in genes for fatty acid metabolism affect the relationship between IBD risk and PUFA consumption. 26 Together, these findings support the hypothesis that consumption of fruits and possibly vegetables, rather than meats and fats, can lower the risk of IBD.…”

Section: Epidemiologysupporting

confidence: 62%

Diet in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

et al. 2015

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Some of the most common symptoms of the inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD, which include ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease) are abdominal pain, diarrhea, and weight loss. It is therefore not surprising that clinicians and patients have wondered whether dietary patterns influence the onset or course of IBD. The question of what to eat is among the most commonly asked by patients and among the most difficult to answer by clinicians. There are therefore substantial variations in dietary behaviors of patients and recommendations for them, although clinicians do not routinely endorse specific diets for patients with IBD. Dietary clinical trials have been limited by their inability to include a placebo control, contamination of study groups, and inclusion of patients receiving medical therapies. Further challenges include accuracy of information on dietary intake, complex interactions between foods consumed, and differences in food metabolism among individuals. We review the roles of diet in the etiology and management of IBD, based on plausible mechanisms and clinical evidence. Researchers have learned much about the effects of diet on the mucosal immune system, epithelial function, and the intestinal microbiome; these findings could have significant practical implications. Controlled studies of patients receiving enteral nutrition and observations made from patients on exclusion diets have shown that components of whole foods can have deleterious effects for patients with IBD. Additionally, studies in animal models suggested that certain nutrients can reduce intestinal inflammation. In the future, engineered diets that restrict deleterious components but supplement beneficial nutrients could be used to modify the luminal intestinal environment of patients with IBD—these might be used alone or in combination with immunosuppressive agents, or as salvage therapy for patients who do not respond or lose responsiveness to medical therapies. Stricter diets might be required to induce remission, whereas more sustainable exclusion diets could be used to maintain long-term remission.

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Section: Epidemiologysupporting

confidence: 62%

Diet in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

et al. 2015

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“…When we compared the 598 genes that were microbiota responsive in wild-type digestive tracts with the 2741 genes that Hnf4a regulates in CV digestive tracts, we found these lists shared 295 genes that included fads2 and saa, both of which have human orthologs that are either implicated (FADS1/2) or markers (SAA) of IBD ( Fig. 2C-F; Plevy et al 2013;Costea et al 2014). While loss of Hnf4a could be pleiotropic, strikingly, the overlap between these subsets reveals that a disproportionate 88 of the 98 (∼90%) microbiota-suppressed genes are activated by Hnf4a ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota regulate intestinal epithelial gene expression by suppressing the transcription factor Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha

et al. 2017

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Microbiota influence diverse aspects of intestinal physiology and disease in part by controlling tissue-specific transcription of host genes. However, host genomic mechanisms mediating microbial control of intestinal gene expression are poorly understood. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 (HNF4) is the most ancient family of nuclear receptor transcription factors with important roles in human metabolic and inflammatory bowel diseases, but a role in host response to microbes is unknown. Using an unbiased screening strategy, we found that zebrafish Hnf4a specifically binds and activates a microbiota-suppressed intestinal epithelial transcriptional enhancer. Genetic analysis revealed that zebrafish hnf4a activates nearly half of the genes that are suppressed by microbiota, suggesting microbiota negatively regulate Hnf4a. In support, analysis of genomic architecture in mouse intestinal epithelial cells disclosed that microbiota colonization leads to activation or inactivation of hundreds of enhancers along with drastic genome-wide reduction of HNF4A and HNF4G occupancy. Interspecies meta-analysis suggested interactions between HNF4A and microbiota promote gene expression patterns associated with human inflammatory bowel diseases. These results indicate a critical and conserved role for HNF4A in maintaining intestinal homeostasis in response to microbiota.

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“…The human body can produce all but two of the required PUFAs: linoleic acid (precursor to the ω6 series) and α-linolenic acid (precursor to the ω3 series) (31). Due to their high PUFA contents, P. armeniaca and P. pungens var.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical composition, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibitory activities of the essential oils of three Phlomis species as well as their fatty acid compositions

Sarıkürkçü

Uren

Kocak

et al. 2016

Food Sci Biotechnol

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This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibitory activities of the essential oils of WILLD., L., and WILLD. var. as well as their fatty acid contents. Germacrene D was found as the major compound in the oils (24.7, 15.1, and 7.2%, respectively). Additionally, -hexadecanoic acid, hexahydrofarnesyl acetone, β-caryophyllene, and linalool were the other main compounds in the oils. Among the fatty acids, C18:3 ω3 and C18:2 ω6 were determined in high quantities in (23.14 and 18.01%, respectively) and var. (24.64 and 17.51%, respectively). The essential oils of and var. showed remarkable antioxidant and metal chelating activities as well as great reducing power potentials. These oils also showed a moderate scavenging effect on ABTS radicals. The oils also exhibited various degrees of inhibitory activities on AChE, BChE, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and tyrosinase.

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Interactions Between the Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Ratio and Genetic Factors Determine Susceptibility to Pediatric Crohn's Disease

Cited by 82 publications

References 19 publications

Diet in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Diet in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Microbiota regulate intestinal epithelial gene expression by suppressing the transcription factor Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha

Chemical composition, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibitory activities of the essential oils of three Phlomis species as well as their fatty acid compositions

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