Staphylococcus aureus inhibits terminal differentiation of normal human keratinocytes by stimulating interleukin-6 secretion

Recent advances in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis: Genetic background, barrier function, and therapeutic targets

“…These differences in AD skin compared to normal or non-lesional skin may be therapeutic targets to improve skin barrier function. The role of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in skin barrier dysfunction in AD was also recently reported [12]. Normal human keratinocytes treated with S. aureus extracts increased expression of IL-6 and significantly reduced expression of the terminal differentiation markers keratin 1, keratin 10, loricrin, and filaggrin.…”

Signaling Networks among Stem Cell Precursors, Transit-Amplifying Progenitors, and their Niche in Developing Hair Follicles

“…Our analysis identified interleukin 6 receptor alpha, Il6ra as a potential activating receptor of Pi3k-Akt signaling in Epi, with ligand Il6 secreted from Neg cells. As Il6 was recently implicated in regulation of keratinocyte terminal differentiation (Son et al, 2014) and wound induced hair neogenesis (Nelson et al, 2015), it will be interesting to confirm the precise source of Il6 and the involvement of Pi3k-Akt pathway in these processes.…”

Phloretin ameliorates chemokines and ICAM-1 expression via blocking of the NF-κB pathway in the TNF-α-induced HaCaT human keratinocytes

“…In skin of atopic dermatitis, Staphylococcus aureus induced keratinocyte activation to caused epidermal barrier dysfunction [22]. In a study of IL-6 genetic variants, one of the variants was found to be an important factor that influenced development of atopic dermatitis in patients [23].…”