Transport of stabilized engineered silver (Ag) nanoparticles through porous sandstones

Neukum, Christoph; Braun, Anika; Azzam, Rafig

doi:10.1016/j.jconhyd.2013.12.002

Cited by 29 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The HYDRUS models are increasingly being used also to simulate the fate and transport of various nanoparticles and nanotubes in the environment. For example, Liang et al (2013a,b), Ren and Smith (2013), Cornelis et al (2013), Neukum et al (2014), and Wang et al (2015a) evaluated the sensitivity of the transport and retention of stabilized silver nanoparticles to various physicochemical factors in column studies and undisturbed soil. Kasel et al (2013a,b) and Mekonen et al (2014) evaluated the effects of input concentration, grain size, and saturation on the transport of multiwalled carbon nanotubes.…”

Section: Selected Hydrus Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments and Applications of the HYDRUS Computer Software Packages

Šimůnek

Genuchten

Šejna³

2016

Vadose Zone Journal

719

336

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The HYDRUS-1D and HYDRUS (2D/3D) computer software packages are widely used finite-element models for simulating the one-and two-or three-dimensional movement of water, heat, and multiple solutes in variably saturated media, respectively. In 2008, Šimůnek et al. (2008b) described the entire history of the development of the various HYDRUS programs and related models and tools such as STANMOD, RETC, ROSETTA, UNSODA, UNSATCHEM, HP1, and others. The objective of this manuscript is to review selected capabilities of HYDRUS that have been implemented since 2008. Our review is not limited to listing additional processes that were implemented in the standard computational modules, but also describes many new standard and nonstandard specialized add-on modules that significantly expanded the capabilities of the two software packages. We also review additional capabilities that have been incorporated into the graphical user interface (GUI) that supports the use of HYDRUS (2D/3D). Another objective of this manuscript is to review selected applications of the HYDRUS models such as evaluation of various irrigation schemes, evaluation of the effects of plant water uptake on groundwater recharge, assessing the transport of particle-like substances in the subsurface, and using the models in conjunction with various geophysical methods.Abbreviations: CRS, cosmic-ray sensing; EC, electrical conductivity; ERT, electrical resistivity tomography; FEM, finite element mesh; GPR, ground-penetrating radar; GUI, graphical user interface; TDT, time-domain transmissometry.The HYDRUS-1D and HYDRUS (2D/3D) software packages (Šimůnek et al., 2008b) are finite-element models for simulating the one-and two-or three-dimensional movement of water, heat, and multiple solutes in variably saturated media, respectively. The standard versions, as well as various specialized add-on modules, of the HYDRUS programs numerically solve the Richards equation for saturated-unsaturated water flow and convection-dispersion type equations for heat and solute transport. The flow equation incorporates a sink term to account for water uptake by plant roots as a function of water and salinity stress. Both compensated and uncompensated water uptake by roots can be considered. The heat transport equation considers movement by both conduction and convection with flowing water. The governing convection-dispersion solute transport equations are written in a relatively general form by including provisions for nonlinear, nonequilibrium reactions between the solid and liquid phases and linear equilibrium reactions between the liquid and gaseous phases. The transport models also account for convection and dispersion in the liquid phase as well as diffusion in the gas phase, thus permitting the models to simulate solute transport simultaneously in both the liquid and gaseous phases. Hence, both adsorbed and volatile solutes, such as pesticides and fumigants, can be considered.The solute transport equations further incorporate the effects of zero-order production, first-o...

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Section: Selected Hydrus Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments and Applications of the HYDRUS Computer Software Packages

Šimůnek

Genuchten

Šejna³

2016

Vadose Zone Journal

719

336

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Several proposed mathematical models for the transportation AgNPs in soil such as colloid filtration and convection–dispersion theories are reliable for small‐scale consideration by soil column study using disturbed or undisturbed soil, although sometimes the soil is assumed to be uniform . This condition is contrary to the fact that soil is a relatively complex medium and the way AgNPs can transform, as previously discussed.…”

Section: Future Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Silver Nanoparticles: Research Trends, Global Consumption, Synthesis, Properties, and Future Challenges

Syafiuddin

Salmiati

Salim

et al. 2017

J Chinese Chemical Soc

328

176

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Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are intensively investigated for their superior physical, chemical, and biological properties. A proper knowledge of these properties is essential to maximizing the potential applications of AgNPs in several areas while minimizing their risks to humans and the environment. This paper aims to critically review AgNPs from the perspectives of research trends, global consumption, synthesis, properties, and future challenges. Generally, AgNPs can be synthesized using three methods, namely physical, chemical, and biological, and the related works as well as their numerous advantages and disadvantages are presented in this review. In addition, AgNPs can be potentially explored for various applications. Future challenges on (AgNP) synthesis, their release into the environment, and scaling up production, as presented in the review, suggest that several potential topics for future works are available to promote a safer and more efficient use of these nanoparticles. Studies on AgNPs in Malaysia have increased since the Malaysian government officially established a directorate for nanotechnology development. This calls for a proper set of policies on AgNPs starting from their production to utilization as well as their effects on various related industries and the environment.

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“…Several reasons have been mentioned to explain the high retention of NPs in natural soils: sedimentation and straining of NPs on soil minerals following their aggregation and/or heteroaggregation (Cornelis et al, 2013), physical filtration mechanisms (Kasel et al, 2013b), grain size effects, mineralogical composition of the soil or long-term colloidal stability of NPs (Braun et al, 2015;Sagee et al, 2012), nanoscale chemical and physical heterogeneity on the soil surfaces and blocking effects (Liang et al, 2013a), and attachment mechanisms (Bradford et al, 2004). It is reported that soil colloids containing Fe, Al, and Si (Liang et al, 2013a;Neukum et al, 2014) M eff , M soil , and M total are mass percentages recovered from effluent, soil/sand samples, and total (sum of both), respectively; ND -not detected. λ f -filtration coefficient, P e = νL/ D = L/λ -Peclet number, where v is the mean pore water velocity, L is the length of the columns (=15 cm), and D is the hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient (D = λv, λ is dispersivity).…”

Section: Transport and Retention Of Agnps Through Saturated And Unsatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only recently, have some studies involving the transport of AgNPs in intact soil columns been conducted (Nowack and Bucheli, 2007;Sagee et al, 2012;Cornelis et al, 2013;Liang et al, 2013a;Braun et al, 2015). Neukum et al (2014) suggested that the transport of AgNPs in sandstones is affected by the pore size distribution, mineralogy, and solution chemistry. Liang et al (2013a) observed a significant retardation in breakthrough curves (BTCs) and hyperexponential RPs of AgNPs in natural (undisturbed) soils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport of silver nanoparticles in intact columns of calcareous soils: The role of flow conditions and soil texture

et al. 2018

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A B S T R A C TGrowing production of manufactured nanomaterials has increased the possibility of contamination of groundwater resources and soils by nanoparticles (NPs). It is crucial to study the fate of NPs in subsurface porous media in order to evaluate and control their risks to ecosystems and human health. Hence, this study was conducted to investigate the transport and retention of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) stabilized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs, a diameter of 40 nm) under saturated and unsaturated conditions in intact columns of two calcareous sandy loam (TR) and loam (ZR) soils. Furthermore, similar experiments were conducted using sand quartz as a reference medium. A pulse of the AgNP suspension with an input concentration (C 0 ) of 50 mg L −1 was injected into the columns for 3 pore volumes. The transport of bromide (Br), as a non-reactive inert tracer, was also examined. High mobility of AgNPs was observed through the sand columns due to unfavorable conditions for AgNP deposition on the quartz sand surfaces. Nearly all AgNPs introduced into the columns of both soils were retained in the soil. Percentages of AgNPs leached out of the columns were < 1% of the total injected mass in both soils. Hyperexponential retention profiles (RPs) were observed in both soils and maximum concentrations of 100-130 mg kg −1 were determined near the columns' inlet. However, slightly stronger retention of AgNPs and greater maximum retained concentrations on the solid phase (S max ) in the ZR soil compared with the TR soil may be attributed to smaller grain sizes of the ZR soil. Hydrodynamic forces adjacent to the solid surfaces near the column inlet can provide a viable explanation for the hyperexponential shape of RPs. The one-site kinetic attachment model in HYDRUS-1D, which accounted for time-and depth-dependent retention, was successfully used to analyze the retention of AgNPs. The results showed that the degree of saturation had little effect on the mobility of AgNPs through undisturbed soil columns. Our results suggested the limited transport of AgNPs in neutral/alkaline calcareous soils under both saturated and unsaturated conditions.

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Transport of stabilized engineered silver (Ag) nanoparticles through porous sandstones

Cited by 29 publications

References 48 publications

Recent Developments and Applications of the HYDRUS Computer Software Packages

Recent Developments and Applications of the HYDRUS Computer Software Packages

A Review of Silver Nanoparticles: Research Trends, Global Consumption, Synthesis, Properties, and Future Challenges

Transport of silver nanoparticles in intact columns of calcareous soils: The role of flow conditions and soil texture

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