Workshop report: The 2012 Antimicrobial Agents in Veterinary Medicine: exploring the consequences of antimicrobial drug use: a 3<scp>‐D</scp> approach

Martinez, Marilyn N.; Blondeau, Joseph M; Cerniglia, Carl E.; Fink‐Gremmels, Johanna; Guenther, Sebastian; Hunter, R. P.; Li, X.-Z.; Papich, Mark G.; Silley, P.; Soback, S.; Toutain, Pierre‐Louis; Zhang, Q.

doi:10.1111/jvp.12104

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…One way to acquire AMR bacteria is from consuming animal products containing bacteria conferring AMR that become part of the gut flora or incorporate AMR into the flora through horizontal gene transfer (Heuer et al, 2009;Martinez et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli in Oysters and Mussels from Atlantic Canada

Rees

Davidson

Fairbrother

et al. 2015

Foodborne Pathogens and Disease

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Acquiring antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria through consuming contaminated animal food products is an emerging public health concern, though the sources of contamination are not always clear. This study characterized the occurrence of AMR in Escherichia coli from bivalve molluscs and assessed for the possible sources in the Hillsborough river complex of Prince Edward Island, Canada in areas overlapping with an oyster fishery. Multivariable statistical analysis indicated that the probability of detecting E. coli increased as the estimated dosage of animal effluent contamination decreased. Isolates with AMR were only found from sampling sites closest to untreated human effluent sources. Twenty-seven percent (n=6 of 22) of the isolates were pathogenic, with virulence factors consistent with extraintestinal E. coli of human origin. Though there is more evidence of contamination arising from human effluent, more research is needed to identify driving sources.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli in Oysters and Mussels from Atlantic Canada

Rees

Davidson

Fairbrother

et al. 2015

Foodborne Pathogens and Disease

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“…Extra-label drug use of antibiotics in food producing species has led to concerns over an increase in the selection of resistant microbial strains, with the potential for horizontal gene transfer and for the spread of resistant strains to other animal and human pathogens (Martinez et al, 2014). In situations when extra-label use is a necessity, it is essential that the prescribing practitioner select a drug that is appropriate for the targeted pathogen, the administered dose is safe, and the selected dosage regimen is consistent with achieving a systemic drug exposure profile that is consistent with efficacy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics and distribution in interstitial and pulmonary epithelial lining fluid of danofloxacin in ruminant and preruminant calves

Mzyk

Baynes

Messenger

et al. 2016

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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distribution in interstitial and pulmonary epithelial lining fluid of danofloxacin in ruminant and preruminant calves. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 40,[179][180][181][182][183][184][185][186][187][188][189][190][191] The objective of this study was to compare active drug concentrations in the plasma vs. different effector compartments including interstitial fluid (ISF) and pulmonary epithelial lining fluid (PELF) of healthy preruminating (3-week-old) and ruminating (6-month-old) calves. Eight calves in each age group were given a single subcutaneous (s.c.) dose (8 mg/kg) of danofloxacin. Plasma, ISF, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were collected over 96 h and analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography. PELF concentrations were calculated by a urea dilution assay of the BAL fluids. Plasma protein binding was measured using a microcentrifugation system. For most preruminant and ruminant calves, the concentration-time profile of the central compartment was best described by a two-compartment open body model. For some calves, a third compartment was also observed. The time to maximum concentration in the plasma was longer in preruminating calves (3.1 h) vs. ruminating calves (1.4 h). Clearance (CL/F) was 385.15 and 535.11 mL/h/kg in preruminant and ruminant calves, respectively. Ruminant calves maintained higher ISF/plasma concentration ratios throughout the study period compared to that observed in preruminant calves. Potential reasons for age-related differences in plasma concentration-time profiles and partitioning of the drug to lungs and ISF as a function of age are explored.

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“…Australia is the only country never having permitted the use of fluoroquinolones in livestock (Cheng et al, 2012) and has also placed stringent label restrictions on the use of third generation cephalosporins, such as ceftiofur concerns of the use of antimicrobials in food-producing animals, there continues to be a need for antimicrobials to be used as treatments, as well as, for prevention of infections. This highlights the importance of a proper disease diagnosis combined with the identification of the AMR prevalence among commensal and pathogenic bacterial species to allow for identification of specific treatments (Martinez et al, 2014). A national surveillance program is needed to determine the total usage of all antimicrobial drugs among different species of animals and the resistance profile of pathogens to all antimicrobial drugs used.…”

Section: The Usage Of Antimicrobial Agents In the Australian Poultry mentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in commercial broiler chicken in South East Queensland

Awawdeh¹,

Turni²,

Henning³

et al.

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Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is the causative agent of avian colibacillosis, a localised or systemic infection resulting in clinical diseases such as colisepticemia, chronic respiratory disease and swollen-head syndrome. Globally, avian colibacillosis is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in poultry, and it has been associated with massive economic losses and welfare problems.This organism is of public health significance as APEC is communicable to humans. The diagnosis of avian colibacillosis relies on clinical signs, typical pathological lesions and culture of E. coli from affected tissue(s). Antimicrobial therapy is often used both for treatment and control. Previous overseas studies have characterised APEC and identified virulence genes (VGs) that can be used as molecular markers for the identification of APEC. Little is known about APEC in broiler chickens in Australia.The aim of this thesis was to gain a better understanding of the epidemiology of APEC in Australian broiler flocks and how factors including presence of VGs and phylogenetic group can improve the identification of this pathotype in Australia. Firstly, three faecal DNA extraction methods were evaluated. Faeces were collected from healthy chickens and chickens with colibacillosis from commercial broiler farms in South East Queensland (SEQ). The extracted DNA was screened by a pentaplex-PCR for five APEC-associated VGs (iroN, iutA, iss, hlyF and ompT). DNA extracted from E. coli isolates cultured from the cloaca and organs of the birds were screened using the same PCR.Repeated bead beating plus column elution was the preferred DNA extraction method, as it yielded good PCR quality and adequate quantity DNA. However, identifying APEC by direct detection of the five VGs from the faecal material was not feasible as all of these genes were also detected in all of the birds. However, the VGs were more commonly detected in E. coli isolates cultured from birds with colibacillosis.A cross-sectional study was performed to estimate APEC farm-level prevalence in healthy broiler chickens in SEQ and to identify potential risk factors associated with the carriage of APEC. At the farm-level, all of the 40 farms sampled were positive for APEC, that is at least one bird per farm carried APEC, while the within-farm prevalence was 63% (95% Confidence Interval: 55.8, 70.2).Higher APEC within-farm bird-level prevalence was significantly associated with the usage of well water as a source of drinking water, failure to disinfect the water line after each flock, farm visitors not showering before entering the shed, distances greater than 20 metres between the car park and the poultry shed and the presence of wild birds within 50 metres of the shed. Chlorinating the drinking water combined with automatic water filtration reduced within-farm bird-level APEC prevalence. Page | 3Therefore, based on the results concluded from the multivariable model, improving biosecurity and water treatments might reduce APEC prevalence, decrease the risk of co...

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Workshop report: The 2012 Antimicrobial Agents in Veterinary Medicine: exploring the consequences of antimicrobial drug use: a 3‐D approach

Cited by 14 publications

References 65 publications

Occurrence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli in Oysters and Mussels from Atlantic Canada

Occurrence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli in Oysters and Mussels from Atlantic Canada

Pharmacokinetics and distribution in interstitial and pulmonary epithelial lining fluid of danofloxacin in ruminant and preruminant calves

Studies on avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in commercial broiler chicken in South East Queensland

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