The relationship between attachment styles and alexithymia: Mediating role of defense mechanisms

Beshārat, Mohammad Ali; Khajavi, Zeinab

doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2013.09.003

Cited by 54 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…However, assimilation and accommodation are less ambiguous labels, as Bmaturity^can refer either to a developmental construct or adaptive efficacy. Using the REM-71, defense mechanisms have been associated with psychosocial functioning (Steiner et al 2001) and psychiatric symptoms (Besharat and Khajavi 2013;Prunas et al 2014) in adolescents, with accommodation promoting more adaptive functioning than assimilation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defense mechanism is predicted by attachment and mediates the maladaptive influence of insecure attachment on adolescent mental health

Laczkovics

Bendixsen²,

Shpigel

et al. 2018

Curr Psychol

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There is limited research exploring attachment style and defenses in adolescents. The purpose of the current research is to explore the relationship between adolescent attachment style and development of defense mechanisms, as well as attachment style and problem behaviors. A total of 1487 students from two California high-schools completed three self-report questionnaires to establish defense mechanisms, psychiatric symptoms, and attachment style. Attachment styles characterized by a positive selfimage predict greater levels of mature defense mechanisms, and lower levels of immature defense mechanisms, both in the interpersonal and intrapsychic domains. Relationships between insecure attachment styles and psychopathology were mediated by greater levels of immature defense mechanisms. These results provide initial compelling evidence that: a) attachment style is an important determinant of the type of defense mechanisms utilized by the individual to maintain psychological stability; and b) defense mechanisms serve to transmit the detrimental effects of insecure attachment style on psychological health.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defense mechanism is predicted by attachment and mediates the maladaptive influence of insecure attachment on adolescent mental health

Laczkovics

Bendixsen²,

Shpigel

et al. 2018

Curr Psychol

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“…Cronbach alpha's for the Persian version, used in the present study, obtained in a student sample were respectively 0.75, 0.73, and 0.74. The test-retest coeffi cient after four weeks was 0.82 (Besharat et al 2001).…”

Section: California Critical Thinking Skills Test Form B (Cctst)mentioning

confidence: 95%

International studies in time perspective

Paixão¹,

Silva²,

Ortuño³

et al. 2013

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Being the first, we hope it to be a milestone in highlighting the effort spent by different psychological approaches to understand the role played by time concepts in individual, group, and organizational development .The Conference was jointly organized by the "Instituto de Psicologia Cognitiva, Desenvolvimento Vocacional e Social" (Institute for Cognitive Psychology, Vocational and Social Development), a R & D unit based at the University of Coimbra, and the "Groupe de Recherche en Psycologie Sociale -GrePS", a R&D unit based at the University of Lyon, France . It was hosted by the Faculty of Psychology and Education of the University of Coimbra (Portugal), the oldest University in Portugal (its foundation goes back to 1290), and an institution for which the notions of a rich past history and future strategic planning constitute the cornerstones of today's concerns . In a moment in time where the past, the present and the future are intensively invested with meaning and intention, researchers coming from all over the world reflected on how time perspectives impact on our lives, from our more proximal to our most distal socio-ecological contexts . It reunited more than 300 participants coming from 42 countries spread all over the 5 continents .During three intense but exciting days, senior and junior researchers exchanged and questioned emerging and well established concepts, reflecting upon diverse and joint projects, and prepared the path for future developments .We can undoubtedly say that the organization of this conference was a timely one, once there has lately been a renewed interest, as well as a series of academic initiatives, dedicated to the understanding of specific aspects of individual, group, and social behavior through the study of its core temporal dimensions .The study of subjective temporality or Time Perspective (TP) has been going on since K . Lewin defined it as "the totality of the individual's view of his psychological future and psychological past existing at a given time" (1951, p . 75), and it has encompassed several topics in various psychological domains . The chapters that are included in this book are a good illustration of the multifaceted focus on the research of subjective time in the psychological science . Taking this diversity into account, the editors opted to organize the contributions into six parts, corresponding to the following broad scientific domains:Part 1 -Time Perspective and human development: adaptive functioning and risk behaviors across the life-span . This part includes 8 chapters presenting the role played by TP, both in the normative developmental path from birth to death and in more deviant patterns of behavioral functioning in childhood, adolescence and adulthood . 0Part 2 -The relationships of personality and affective processes with Time Perspective, includes 4 chapters that address the relations among psychological personality traits and more dynamic affective processes with several subjective temporality dimensions .Part 3 -Time Perspective, health an...

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“…In another study, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of questions of each style (mature, immature, and neurotic) were respectively, 0.75, 0.73 and 0.74, and is reported to have indicated satisfactory internal consistency for the Iranian form of the defense style questionnaire. The defense style questionnaire retest coefficient was 0.82 (37). Criteria for the study included: 1) student nurses 2) no history of mental disorders.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Spiritual Intelligence in Defensive Styles of Nursing Students

Sokhandani¹,

Nikoo²,

Mohammadalipoor³

et al. 2015

Interdiscip J Virtual Learn Med Sci

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Background: Nursing is a demanding and stressful profession and puts the health of nurses at risk. One concept that has always been associated with the word 'anxious' is called defensive style. Sigmund Freud used this term to indicate how people use mechanisms to protect themselves from psychological trauma. Objectives: This study investigated the role of spiritual intelligence in predicting the defensive style of nursing students. Methods: This descriptive-survey and correlation study included all nursing students at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences who were studying in the 2012 -2013 academic year. Of these, 310 were randomly selected by cluster sampling and responded to king spiritual intelligence and defense style questionnaire DSQ-40. The collected data was analyzed using Pearson correlation and simple linear regression. Results:The findings indicate that a positive and significant relationship exists between spiritual intelligence and its components [critical existential thinking, personal meaning production, transcendental awareness, and conscious state expansion] with defense styles (P < 0.001). Also, the relationship between spiritual intelligence and its components and neurotic and immature defense styles is negative and significant (P < 0.001). Results of the regression analysis showed that spiritual intelligence could positively and significantly predict mature defense styles and could negatively and significantly predict immature and neurotic defense styles. Conclusions: Based on the results, it can be concluded that students with a higher spiritual intelligence use less neurotic and immature defense styles and more mature defense styles.

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The relationship between attachment styles and alexithymia: Mediating role of defense mechanisms

Cited by 54 publications

References 39 publications

Defense mechanism is predicted by attachment and mediates the maladaptive influence of insecure attachment on adolescent mental health

Defense mechanism is predicted by attachment and mediates the maladaptive influence of insecure attachment on adolescent mental health

International studies in time perspective

Role of Spiritual Intelligence in Defensive Styles of Nursing Students

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