Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer

Abstract

Docetaxel is the standard first-line chemotherapy for men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Until recently, there was no standard therapy after failure of docetaxel treatment. Cabazitaxel has been shown to improve overall survival in this setting. As a result, the treatment paradigm for mCRPC is changing rapidly. The improved survival shown with cabazitaxel provides an important new opportunity to treat men with mCRPC after docetaxel treatment. Despite the toxicity recorded in the pivotal study, subsequent trials have shown that cabazitaxel is a safe drug. Patient selection and the optimal interval between prior docetaxel treatment and cabazitaxel remain the critical issues. According to a subanalysis of the various studies discussed in this review, there is a patient profile that will probably benefit from use of cabazitaxel after docetaxel failure. Cabazitaxel represents a new treatment option for patients with prostate cancer.

Nanoways to overcome docetaxel resistance in prostate cancer

“…Such cancer can also be treated with docetaxel but in some instances cancer develops resistance to it. Radiation followed by treatment with chemotherapy such as docetaxel, cabazitaxel (Fernandez et al, 2013), mitoxantrone (Song et al, 2013), and abiraterone (Sorensen et al, 2013) is the standard treatment regime for this stage. Stage IV prostate cancer is the stage where cancer has spread outside the prostate and metastasized to other organs/tissues.…”

GSK1838705A, an insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor/insulin receptor inhibitor, induces apoptosis and reduces viability of docetaxel-resistant prostate cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo

“… 5 – 7 Novel therapeutic strategies, such as combination therapies, have been proposed to improve the therapeutic potential of docetaxel in resistant prostate cancer. 8 , 9 …”

“…A well-known problem in the treatment of prostate cancer is acquisition of drug resistance. 8 , 9 Inhibition of single, dual, or multiple receptor tyrosine kinases might provide a therapeutic strategy for prostate cancer, especially when resistance develops. In this work, we investigated the anticancer activity of GSK1838705A, a potent IGF1R/IR inhibitor, 16 in prostate cancer, especially docetaxel-resistant disease, both in vitro and in vivo.…”

Desenvolvimento e caracterização de nanopartículas de PCL-TPGS contendo docetaxel visando terapia do câncer de próstata

“…A sua origem ocorre por mutação ou ativação anormal de genes controladores do crescimento e mitose celular, as células tumorais atuam competindo com os tecidos normais pelos nutrientes do organismo. Com seu crescimento incontrolável pode danificar tecidos e órgãos, levando assim a sérios comprometimentos na saúde (FERNÁNDEZ et al, 2014).…”

“…No estadio II, o câncer já tem dimensões maiores dentro da próstata e se encontra em fase de crescimento, sendo necessária intervenção quimioterápica por meio de fármacos como docetaxel, mitoxantrona e platina/etoposidio (APARICIO et al, 2013;SONG et al, 2013). No estadio III, já há branda proliferação das células tumorais para outros tecidos do corpo, sendo necessária a complementação com outros quimioterápicos e incidência de radiação (FERNÁNDEZ et al, 2014;SONG et al, 2013;SORENSEN et al, 2013). Ao chegar ao estadio IVcaracterizado por metástase generalizadao tratamento é feito de forma paliativa e visando amenizar a dor, com o auxílio de radiação (GANJU et al, 2014…”