Impact of brown adipose tissue on body fatness and glucose metabolism in healthy humans

Matsushita, M.; Yoneshiro, Takeshi; Aita, Sayuri; Kameya, Toshimitsu; Sugie, Hiroki; Saito, Masayuki

doi:10.1038/ijo.2013.206

Cited by 265 publications

(270 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…They demonstrated that BAT activity was also negatively correlated with age, body fatness, and glucose metabolism. However, there were no sex differences in the BAT activity; 6,22 this was inconsistent with results of the aforementioned oncology studies, in which experimental cold exposure was not utilized. Thus, the difference in the sensitivity, between men and women, to mild outdoor cold exposure might be prominent in oncology studies.…”

contrasting

confidence: 54%

“…[11][12][13][14][15][16][17]19,20 However, in younger healthy individuals, who were exposed to cold, the ratio was much higher (∼50% to 100%). 3,6 With regards to the effect of AmT on the activation of BAT, the results are conflicting with one study demonstrating that the rise in the BAT activity was delayed by a few months in association with a beginning in the decline in the AmT 11 and the other study stating that BAT activity was higher in early winter than late winter or early spring. 21 Matsushita et al 6 and Yoneshiro et al 22 showed that functional BAT could be epidemiologically evaluated using cold-stimulated 18 FDG-PET∕CT, in relatively healthy younger adults.…”

contrasting

confidence: 48%

“…It has been reported that human BAT activity is related to cold-induced thermogenesis, 5 body weight, 5 and glucose tolerance. 6,7 Furthermore, daily cold exposure increased the BAT activity in healthy individuals, 5,8,9 obese individuals, 10 and patients with type 2 diabetes. 7 Thus, BAT is expected to be a potential tool to combat obesity and lifestyle-related diseases.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Brown adipose tissue density measured by near-infrared time-resolved spectroscopy in Japanese, across a wide age range

et al. 2018

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"Brown adipose tissue density measured by near-infrared time-resolved spectroscopy in Japanese, across a wide age range," J. Biomed. Opt. 23(6), 065002 (2018), doi: 10.1117/1.JBO.23.6.065002. Abstract. 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) along with computed tomography (CT) is a standard method for assessing brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity. We tested the usefulness of near-infrared time-resolved spectroscopy (NIR TRS ) as a simple and noninvasive method for evaluating BAT density (BAT-d) by examining the effects of some factors known to influence BAT activity. The total hemoglobin concentration as a parameter of BAT-d was evaluated using NIR TRS in the supraclavicular region in 413 Japanese individuals. The associations were analyzed between BAT-d and sex, age, the percentages of body fat (%BF), visceral fat (VF), and the seasonal ambient temperature (AmT) fluctuations. Age was associated with decreased BAT-d (P < 0.05). There was no sex difference in the BAT-d, except for those in their twenties. Multivariate analyses revealed that %BF and VF were correlated with BAT-d, and the lower AmT (around 4°C or 5°C) for 4 and 6 weeks prior to the measurement day was associated with an increase in the BAT-d. Our NIR TRS results were analogous to those reported with 18 FDG-PET∕CT, indicating the usefulness of NIR TRS . BAT-d might increase during the 4 and 6 weeks after the AmT decreases to lower than 4°C or 5°C. © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.

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confidence: 48%

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confidence: 99%

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Brown adipose tissue density measured by near-infrared time-resolved spectroscopy in Japanese, across a wide age range

et al. 2018

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“…Importantly, the idea that the presence of metabolically active BAT would be beneficial for a healthy metabolic phenotype also in humans is supported by several studies showing that the presence of BAT is associated with a low body mass index, low total adipose tissue content and a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. 8, [11][12][13][14] Interestingly, apart from the association between BAT and a healthy metabolic phenotype, there is also growing evidence suggesting a connection between the presence of BAT and bone anabolism. Recent human studies have shown positive correlations between BAT volume and both bone cross-sectional area and bone density.…”

Section: Introduction and Search Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Brown adipose tissue and bone

Lidell

Enerbäck

2015

Int J Obes Supp

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ME Lidell and S EnerbäckBrown adipose tissue (BAT) is capable of transforming chemically stored energy, in the form of triglycerides, into heat. Recent studies have shown that metabolically active BAT is present in a large proportion of adult humans, where its activity correlates with a favorable metabolic status. Hence, the tissue is now regarded as an interesting target for therapies against obesity and associated diseases such as type 2 diabetes, the hypothesis being that an induction of BAT would be beneficial for these disease states. Apart from the association between BAT activity and a healthier metabolic status, later studies have also shown a positive correlation between BAT volume and both bone cross-sectional area and bone mineral density, suggesting that BAT might stimulate bone anabolism. The aim of this review is to give the reader a brief overview of the BAT research field and to summarize and discuss recent findings regarding BAT being a potential player in bone metabolism.

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“…Moreover, once BAT is activated by cold there is a down-regulation in the expression of angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4), a protein that inhibits LPL activity; this leads the activation of AMPK, enhancing plasma LPL activity and uptake of plasma triglyceridederived fatty acids [112]. Matsushita et al [114] showed that subjects with detectable BAT have lower total plasma cholesterol and LDL-C than subjects without detectable BAT and De Lorenzo et al [115], showed that 90 days daily exposure to cold (14°C) for 20 min reduced total cholesterol, LDL-C, and BMI in hypercholesterolemic individuals. Whether this mechanism is important in humans for the regulation of lipoprotein metabolism and the risk for atherosclerosis has yet to be proven.…”

Section: Activation Of Bat For the Improvement Of Lipid And Glucose Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

The color of fat and its central role in the development and progression of metabolic diseases

Gaggini

Carli

Gastaldelli

2017

Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation

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Abstract:Excess caloric intake does not always translate to an expansion of the subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and increase in fat mass. It is now recognized that adipocyte type (white, WAT, or brown, BAT), size (large vs. small) and metabolism are important factors for the development of cardiometabolic diseases. When the subcutaneous adipose tissue is not able to expand in response to increased energy intake the excess substrate is stored as visceral adipose tissue or as ectopic fat in tissues as muscle, liver and pancreas. Moreover, adipocytes become dysfunctional (adiposopathy, or sick fat), adipokines secretion is increased, fat accumulates in ectopic sites like muscle and liver and alters insulin signaling, increasing the demand for insulin secretion. Thus, there are some subjects that despite having normal weight have the metabolic characteristics of the obese (NWMO), while some obese expand their SAT and remain metabolically healthy (MHO). In this paper we have reviewed the recent findings that relate the metabolism of adipose tissue and its composition to metabolic diseases. In particular, we have discussed the possible role of dysfunctional adipocytes and adipose tissue resistance to the antilipolytic effect of insulin on the development of impaired glucose metabolism. Finally we have reviewed the possible role of BAT vs. WAT in the alteration of lipid and glucose metabolism and the recent studies that have tried to stimulate browning in human adipose tissue.

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Impact of brown adipose tissue on body fatness and glucose metabolism in healthy humans

Abstract: BAT, independent of age, sex and body fatness, has a significant impact on glucose metabolism in adult healthy humans.

Cited by 265 publications

References 26 publications

Brown adipose tissue density measured by near-infrared time-resolved spectroscopy in Japanese, across a wide age range

Brown adipose tissue density measured by near-infrared time-resolved spectroscopy in Japanese, across a wide age range

Brown adipose tissue and bone

The color of fat and its central role in the development and progression of metabolic diseases

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