Effects of Heat Waves on Mortality

Analitis, Antonis; Michelozzi, Paola; D’Ippoliti, Daniela; de’Donato, Francesca; Menne, Bettina; Matthies, Franziska; Atkinson, Richard; Íñiguez, Carmen; Basagaña, Xavier; Schneider, Alexandra; Lefranc, Agnès; Páldy, Anna; Bisanti, Luigi; Katsouyanni, Klea

doi:10.1097/ede.0b013e31828ac01b

Cited by 154 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Recent studies have revealed significant interactions between ozone, PM 10 , and extreme heat (Analitis et al 2014) and extreme cold (Cheng and Kan 2012) on the overall mortality. The earlier studies have associated outpatient visits for chronic pulmonary diseases mainly with ambient levels of O 3 and NO 2 instead of PM 10 (Yang et al 2007;Tsai et al 2006;Chan et al 2009;Lin et al 2013c).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature effects on outpatient visits of respiratory diseases, asthma, and chronic airway obstruction in Taiwan

Wang

Lin

2014

Int J Biometeorol

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This study evaluated the risk of outpatient visits for respiratory diseases, asthma, and chronic airway obstruction not elsewhere classified (CAO) associated with ambient temperatures and extreme temperature events from 2000 to 2008 in Taiwan. Based on geographical and socioeconomics characteristics, this study divided the whole island into seven areas. A distributed lag non-linear model was used to estimate the area-disease-specific cumulative relative risk (RR), and random-effect meta-analysis was used to estimate the pooled RR of outpatient visits, from lag 0 to lag 7 days, associated with daily temperature, and added effects of prolonged extreme heat and cold for population of all ages, the elderly and younger than 65 years. Pooled analyses showed that younger population had higher outpatient visits for exposing to low temperature of 18 °C, with cumulative 8-day RRs of 1.36 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.31-1.42) for respiratory diseases, 1.10 (95% CI 1.03-1.18) for asthma, and 1.12 (95% CI 1.02-1.22) for CAO. The elderly was more vulnerable to high temperature of 30 °C with the cumulative 8-day RR of 1.08 (95% CI 1.03-1.13) for CAO. Elevated outpatient visits for all respiratory diseases and asthma were associated with extreme heat lasting for 6 to 8 days. On the contrary, the extreme cold lasting more than 8 days had significant negative association with outpatient visits of all respiratory diseases. In summary, elderly patients of respiratory diseases and CAO are vulnerable to high temperature. Cold temperature is associated with all types of respiratory diseases for younger patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature effects on outpatient visits of respiratory diseases, asthma, and chronic airway obstruction in Taiwan

Wang

Lin

2014

Int J Biometeorol

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“…There is a potentially interactive effect of high temperatures and pollutant concentrations (98–100). Although there have been studies that have not detected evidence that increasing temperature modifies the effect of pollution exposure (101–103), several studies have detected interactive effects (104–108).…”

Section: Indoor Air Pollution and Copdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies that have included respiratory specific outcomes have also had conflicting results. For example, studies in China and Europe suggest an interactive effect of increases in temperature and pollution on the risk for cardiac death but not respiratory death (100, 109). A study in Brisbane, Australia did not suggest effect modification for respiratory emergency visits but demonstrated an interactive effect of increasing temperature and PM 10 on respiratory hospitalizations (110).…”

Section: Indoor Air Pollution and Copdmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Air Pollution and Temperature on COPD

Hansel

McCormack

Kim

2015

COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

192

116

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) affects 12–16 million people in the United States and is the third-leading cause of death. In developed countries, smoking is the greatest risk factor for the development of COPD, but other exposures also contribute to the development and progression of the disease. Several studies suggest, though are not definitive, that outdoor air pollution exposure is linked to the prevalence and incidence of COPD. Among individuals with COPD, outdoor air pollutants are associated with loss of lung function and increased respiratory symptoms. In addition, outdoor air pollutants are also associated with COPD exacerbations and mortality. There is much less evidence for the impact of indoor air on COPD, especially in developed countries in residences without biomass exposure. The limited existing data suggests that indoor particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide concentrations are linked to increased respiratory symptoms among patients with COPD. In addition, with the projected increases in temperature and extreme weather events in the context of climate change there has been increased attention to the effects of heat exposure. Extremes of temperature—both heat and cold—have been associated with increased respiratory morbidity in COPD. Some studies also suggest that temperature may modify the effect of pollution exposure and though results are not conclusive, understanding factors that may modify susceptibility to air pollution in patients with COPD is of utmost importance.

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“…The effects of gender on temperature impacts have seen mixed evidence [12,13]. At the community level, vulnerability of populations has been shown to be influenced by factors such as low density of green spaces [15], poor urban design and planning [16], urban heat islands [17], and the modification effect by air pollutants [18,19]. Ozone in particular has been studied as an effect modifier in the mortality-temperature relationship [20,21], while the link between temperature and particulate matter (PM) [22], sulfur oxides (SOx) [23] or Nitrogen oxides (NOx) [24] has been less explored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic air pollution and social deprivation as modifiers of the association between high temperature and daily mortality

et al. 2014

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BackgroundHeat and air pollution are both associated with increases in mortality. However, the interactive effect of temperature and air pollution on mortality remains unsettled. Similarly, the relationship between air pollution, air temperature, and social deprivation has never been explored.MethodsWe used daily mortality data from 2004 to 2009, daily mean temperature variables and relative humidity, for Paris, France. Estimates of chronic exposure to air pollution and social deprivation at a small spatial scale were calculated and split into three strata. We developed a stratified Poisson regression models to assess daily temperature and mortality associations, and tested the heterogeneity of the regression coefficients of the different strata. Deaths due to ambient temperature were calculated from attributable fractions and mortality rates were estimated.ResultsWe found that chronic air pollution exposure and social deprivation are effect modifiers of the association between daily temperature and mortality. We found a potential interactive effect between social deprivation and chronic exposure with regards to air pollution in the mortality-temperature relationship.ConclusionOur results may have implications in considering chronically polluted areas as vulnerable in heat action plans and in the long-term measures to reduce the burden of heat stress especially in the context of climate change.

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Effects of Heat Waves on Mortality

Abstract: The heat wave effect on mortality was larger during high ozone or high PM10 days. When assessing the effect of heat waves on mortality, lack of adjustment for ozone and especially PM10 overestimates effect parameters. This bias has implications for public health policy.

Cited by 154 publications

References 41 publications

Temperature effects on outpatient visits of respiratory diseases, asthma, and chronic airway obstruction in Taiwan

Temperature effects on outpatient visits of respiratory diseases, asthma, and chronic airway obstruction in Taiwan

The Effects of Air Pollution and Temperature on COPD

Chronic air pollution and social deprivation as modifiers of the association between high temperature and daily mortality

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