Anisodamine accelerates spontaneous passage of single symptomatic bile duct stones ≤ 10 mm

Abstract

Two weeks of anisodamine administration can safely accelerate spontaneous passage of single and symptomatic CBD stones ≤ 10 mm in diameter, especially for stones < 5 mm.

The influence of stone size on spontaneous passage of common bile duct stones in patients with acute cholangitis: A retrospective cohort study

“…The overall incidence of spontaneous passage CBD stones in prior studies was between 21 and 73% [ [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] ]. Tranter et al [ 9 ] found that spontaneous passage of CBD stones occurred more commonly in patients with pancreatitis, biliary colic, and cholecystitis.…”

“…The previous studies reported that CBD stone of less than 5 mm in diameter was more likely to spontaneously pass without the need for further intervention and there were an increased rate of stone retention in bile duct with a larger stone size [ 9 , 12 ]. In cholangitis, our study was similar to results that CBD stone size of less than 5 mm tended to pass their stones spontaneously.…”

“…Nevertheless, the authors found the spontaneous passage of common bile duct stones in some patients with acute cholangitis. Few previous studies reported 21–73% of patients with previous or current evidence of ductal stones passed their stones spontaneously [ [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] ] and the stones have passed naturally when clinical symptoms improved and hematological parameters returned to normal [ 10 ]. Other studies found that intrahepatic bile duct dilatation, stone diameter, and distal bile duct stones were radiological predictors of stone passage [ 11 ] and stones less than 5 mm in diameter were more likely to spontaneously passed [ 12 ].…”

Parameters Suggesting Spontaneous Passage of Stones from Common Bile Duct: A Retrospective Study

“…Additionally, we generated ROC curve analysis for size of stone and GGT level and found that stone size of less than 3.5 mm is more likely to pass spontaneously with acceptable sensitivity (71%) and specificity (69%). A previous study has shown that CBD stones less than 5 mm in diameter were more likely to spontaneously pass without the need for further intervention [ 16 ] and another study reported an increased rate of stone retention in the CBD with a larger stone size [ 17 ]. To the best of our knowledge, there are no previous studies that reported that distal CBD location is a predictive factor for spontaneous stone passage as we showed in our study.…”

The Treatment of Cholecystitis and Cholelithiasis by Tibetan Medicine

“…Anisodamine can significantly promote the spontaneous discharge of choledocholithiasis, and the effect of anisodamine is more significant for choledocholithiasis with diameter <5 mm [ 79 ]. Anisodamine can promote bile excretion and reduce serum endotoxin level, and its mechanism may be related to improving the function of sphincter of Oddi [ 81 ].…”