Caracterización genética por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa de Giardia intestinalis en muestras de humanos y perros del Caribe colombiano

Arroyo-Salgado, Bárbara; Buelvas-Montes, Yaleyvis; Villalba-Vizcaíno, Vivian; Salomón-Arzuza, Octavio

doi:10.1016/j.eimc.2013.07.016

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In Colombia, two studies conducted in specific areas of the country (one of clinical samples collected between 1997 and 2001 in the departments of Amazonas, Boyacá and Bogotá, and another conducted in the Amazon region) revealed that the most prevalent assemblage was A [13, 17]. However, other studies conducted using stool samples in central and Caribbean Colombia demonstrated a higher prevalence of assemblage B, similar to our study [18–20]. Our study population, similar to a study conducted in the central region of Colombia [20], was largely asymptomatic.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Molecular and descriptive epidemiology of intestinal protozoan parasites of children and their pets in Cauca, Colombia: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2019

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Background Parasitic infections, particularly those caused by protozoa, represent a considerable public health problem in developing countries. Blastocystis , Giardia duodenalis , Cryptosporidium spp. and the Entamoeba complex ( Entamoeba histolytica, Entamoeba dispar and Entamoeba moshkovskii) are the most common etiological causes of intestinal parasitic infections. Methods We carried out a descriptive cross-sectional study in school-age children attending a daycare institution in commune eight of Popayán, Cauca (Southwest Colombia). A total of 266 fecal samples were collected (258 from children and eight from pets). Blastocystis , G. duodenalis , Cryptosporidium spp. and the Entamoeba complex were identified by microscopy, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and conventional PCR. The concordance of qPCR and microscopy was assessed using the Kappa index. Molecular characterization was conducted to identify Blastocystis subtypes (18S), G. duodenalis assemblages ( tpi and gdh ) and Cryptosporidium species/subtypes (18S and GP60). Potential associations between intestinal parasitism and sociodemographic factors were examined using bivariate analyses. Results A total of 258 fecal samples from children were analyzed by microscopy and 255 samples were analyzed by qPCR. The prevalence of Blastocystis was between 25.19% (microscopy) and 39.22% (qPCR), that of G. duodenalis was between 8.14% (microscopy) and 10.59% (qPCR), that of Cryptosporidium spp. was estimated at 9.8% (qPCR), and that of the Entamoeba complex was between 0.39% (conventional PCR) and 0.78% (microscopy). The concordance between microscopy and qPCR was very low. Blastocystis ST1 (alleles 4, 8, and 80), ST2 (alleles 11, 12, and 15), ST3 (alleles 31, 34, 36, 38,57, and 151), and ST4 (alleles 42 and 91), G. duodenalis assemblages AII, BIII, BIV and D, C. parvum subtype IIa and C. hominis subtype IbA9G3R2 were identified. The only identified member of the Entamoeba complex corresponded to E. histolytica . No statistically significant association was identified between parasitic infection and any sociodemographic variable. Conclusion This study revealed the usefulness of molecular methods to depict the transmission dynamics of parasitic protozoa in southwest Colombia. The presence of some of t...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Molecular and descriptive epidemiology of intestinal protozoan parasites of children and their pets in Cauca, Colombia: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2019

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“…In central and south-America, there exist areas with differential distribution of assemblages. Some reports from Mexico, Brazil and Colombia identifies higher frequencies of assemblage A (Eligio-Garcia et al, 2008 ; Kohli et al, 2008 ) while in Nicaragua, Argentina and also Colombia some authors report the predominance of assemblage B (Lebbad et al, 2008 ; Minvielle et al, 2008 ; Arroyo-Salgado et al, 2014 ; Ramírez et al, 2015 ). This suggests that the distribution is not geographically associated and is more linked to the socioeco-epidemiological factors of the population studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is corroborated by our findings where the most frequent assemblage was AI (61%), contrasting the different findings in three sympatric regions of the country. For example in the Caribbean and central region the most frequent assemblage was B (Arroyo-Salgado et al, 2014 ; Ramírez et al, 2015 ) but in the Andean region assemblage A was more frequent (Rodríguez et al, 2014 ). Intriguingly, our results showed that the most frequent sub-assemblage was AI (61%) that has been more associated to animals than humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Epidemiology of Giardia, Blastocystis and Cryptosporidium among Indigenous Children from the Colombian Amazon Basin

et al. 2017

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The incidence and prevalence of intestinal parasites in children is most likely due to lack of natural or acquired resistance and differences in behavior and habits closely related to environmental and socioeconomic determinants. The most important protozoa that parasitize humans are Giardia, Entamoeba, Blastocystis, and Cryptosporidium. These parasites present wide intraspecific genetic diversity and subsequently classified into assemblages and subtypes. The Amazon basin is the largest in the world and is the fifth freshwater reserve on the planet. Contradictorily, people living in these areas (Indigenous populations) have poor quality of life, which favors the infection of diseases of fecal-oral transmission. The aim of this work was to unravel the molecular epidemiology of Giardia, Blastocystis and Cryptosporidium across four communities (Puerto Nariño, San Juan del Soco, Villa Andrea and Nuevo Paraíso). We obtained 284 fecal samples from children under 15 years old that were analyzed by direct microscopy (261 samples) and Real Time PCR (qPCR) (284 samples). The positive samples for these protozoa were further characterized by several molecular markers to depict assemblages and subtypes. We observed a frequency of Giardia infection by microscopy of 23.7% (62 samples) and by qPCR of 64.8% (184 samples); for Blastocystis by microscopy of 35.2% (92 samples) and by qPCR of 88.7% (252 samples) and for Cryptosporidium only 1.9% (5 samples) were positive by microscopy and qPCR 1.8% (5 samples). Regarding the Giardia assemblages, using the glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) marker we observed AI, BIII and BIV assemblages and when using triose phosphate isomerase (tpi) we observed assemblages AI, AII, BIII and BIV. In contrast, Blastocystis STs detected were 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6. Lastly, the species C. viatorum, C. hominis (with the subtypes IdA19 and IaA12R8) and C. parvum (with the subtype IIcA5G3c) were identified. We observed a high profile of zoonotic transmission regarding the Giardia assemblages and Blastocystis STs/alleles. Also, we highlight the elevated frequency of infection by these two protozoans suggesting an active transmission in the area. Our findings reinforces the need to deploy better epidemiological surveillance systems for enteric pathogens in the area.

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“…Similarly, another study along the Caribbean Coast of Colombia has revealed predominance of G . intestinalis genotype B in children younger than 7 years [40]. A study of indigenous children in the Colombian Amazon region [41] has reported high prevalence of assemblage AI (61%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal parasitic infections and associated factors in children of three rural schools in Colombia. A cross-sectional study

et al. 2019

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Rural children are one of the populations that are most vulnerable to gastrointestinal parasite infections. Such diseases decrease the quality of life and result in growth and cognitive delays in the long term. This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the frequency of intestinal parasite infections among rural schoolchildren in the municipality of Apulo, Colombia. A total of 97 stool samples from children aged between 5 and 15 years were collected and examined via direct light microscopy. Microscopic examination was repeated with sediments obtained using a fecal parasite concentrator, and the Kato–Katz test was performed. Frequency of intestinal parasite infection was 100%. Endolimax nana (77.35%), Blastocystis sp . (71.1%), Giardia intestinalis (39.1%), Entamoeba coli (25.7%), and the Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii complex (9.2%) were the most prevalent protozoa. Trichuris trichiura was the most prevalent helminth (12.3%), followed by Enterobius vermicularis (6.15%) and Ascaris lumbricoides (5.1%). Among the analyzed associated factors, consumption of untreated water increased the risk of acquiring pathogenic intestinal parasites. Finally, because G . intestinalis was the most prevalent pathogenic protozoan, molecular analysis was conducted to establish genetic assemblages and subassemblages of Giardia through sequence-based genotyping of the glutamate dehydrogenase, triose phosphate isomerase, and beta-giardin genes. A total of 14 G . intestinalis -positive samples were genotyped, which revealed the presence of subassemblages AI (n = 1), AII (n = 7), BIII (n = 2), BIV (n = 2), and BIII/BIV (n = 1) as well as a mixed subassemblage AII + BIII (n = 1). Our results indicate that gastrointestinal parasite infections in the tested population were mainly caused by suboptimal water quality. Moreover, molecular typing of G . intestinalis suggested contamination of water by animal- and human-derived cysts.

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Caracterización genética por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa de Giardia intestinalis en muestras de humanos y perros del Caribe colombiano

Cited by 13 publications

References 18 publications

Molecular and descriptive epidemiology of intestinal protozoan parasites of children and their pets in Cauca, Colombia: a cross-sectional study

Molecular and descriptive epidemiology of intestinal protozoan parasites of children and their pets in Cauca, Colombia: a cross-sectional study

Molecular Epidemiology of Giardia, Blastocystis and Cryptosporidium among Indigenous Children from the Colombian Amazon Basin

Intestinal parasitic infections and associated factors in children of three rural schools in Colombia. A cross-sectional study

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