A modified murine model based on hydrodynamic injection for the analysis of chronic human hepatitis B virus infection

Qin, Bo; Tu, Chunyu; Zhang, Bo; He, Tingting; Fu, Lijun; Xu, Wenying

doi:10.3892/mmr.2013.1732

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 22 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…A total of 12 mice (6 per group) were challenged with l ml EV71 (1x10 7 pfu/ml) via HI or IP. Mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation 24 or 48 h post injection (19,20). Blood samples were collected from the orbital vein, and organs and tissues were harvested after systemic perfusion with 50 ml sterile PBS.…”

Section: Determination Of Viral Titers In the Tissue And Serum Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Enterovirus 71 infection impairs the reproductive capacity of female mice

Qin

Yan

Chen

et al. 2017

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Abstract. Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a major cause of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD); however, no clinically approved vaccine or antiviral treatment is currently available for EV71 infection. In the present study, a murine model of EV71 infection was constructed. The clinical isolates of EV71 were amplified in Vero cells and used to challenge adult mice via hydrodynamic injection (HI) and intraperitoneal injection (IP). Following two challenges, >50% of the mice succumbed to EV71 infection. Surviving female mice were identified to have impaired fertility and their litter sizes were significantly decreased compared with the control group. The antibody against EV71-VP1 persisted in the sera of female mice at a high titer for >2 years after challenge. The maternal antibody in the offspring sera also persisted for ~1 year and disappeared after ~2 years. Results from the present study suggest that a high titer of active EV71 was able to impair the reproductivity of adult female mice, and that high levels of maternal antibody persisted in the offspring and protected postnatal mice from EV71-induced mortality. The promising antigenicity, immunogenicity and reactogenicity of EV71 suggests that it a potential vaccine target that may be beneficial to the control of HFMD, through immunizing infants and women of reproductive age. IntroductionEnterovirus (EV) 71 is a member of the picornaviridae family of viruses that contain single-stranded positive-sense RNA (1), which primarily infects children <5 years old (2). Infants with EV71 infection develop sores on their hands, feet, buttocks and mouth; therefore, the infection is referred to as hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) (3). Several types of enterovirus have been indicated to cause HFMD in children; however, EV71 is commonly associated with severe complications of the nervous system in infants with HFMD and is therefore considered to be a major virulent pathogen and cause of mortalities in HFMD (4). Previous studies have indicated that a total of 488,955 HFMD cases and 126 HFMD-associated mortalities were reported in 2008 in China, of which EV71 infection was the primary cause (5). EV71 is a non-enveloped virus with a single-stranded positive-sense RNA genome that is ~7.5 kb in size and belongs to the enterovirus genus of the picornaviridae family (6). EV71 is classified into five genotypes as follows: A, B, C, D and F, and further subdivided into B0-B5 and C1-C5 subgenotypes (7). HFMD is an important public health issue and further understanding of the mechanisms underlying the development of HFMD are required to develop effective treatments. In mainland China, Taiwan and Singapore, EV71 whole-virus vaccines have been produced by various manufacturers. Two available inactivated EV71 vaccines have been approved by the China Food and Drug Administration, one produced by Sinovac Biotech Ltd. and the other by the Chinese Academy of Medical Science (all Beijing, China) (8-10). Currently, no effective treatment is available to treat severe EV71 infections, aside from symp...

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Section: Determination Of Viral Titers In the Tissue And Serum Samplementioning

confidence: 99%