Linking ethylene to nitrogen-dependent leaf longevity of grass species in a temperate steppe

Ren, Haiyan; Xu, Zhiling; Zhang, Wenhao; Jiang, Lin; Huang, Jianhui; Chen, Shiping; Wang, Lixin; Han, Xingguo

doi:10.1093/aob/mct223

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…N addition, which often leads to increased aboveground plant biomass and thus reduced light availability, could also contribute to the senescence of older leaves by shading (Oikawa et al, 2005). However, this mechanism appears unlikely to operate in our experiment where shading among the studied species rarely occurs, because of their tiny leaves and loose canopy structure in the desert steppe (e.g., Ren et al, 2013). Finally, the lack of the leaf lifespan response to N addition in 2017 arose probably because the increased soil N loss rate, indicated by elevated soil δ 15 N (Figure S5), offset increased N input in this drought year.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Leaf census was made in the field every 10 days from May to September. Leaf lifespan was calculated by dividing the accumulated leaf area‐days of all the leaves monitored in a plot by the accumulated area of those leaves that were born and died over the census period according to the following equations (Craine & Reich, 2001; Ren et al, 2013).

Leaf lifespan = \frac{(A ‐ B ‐ C ‐ D)}{(S_{j} ‐ {LA}_{i})},

A = \{{false\sum}_{n = i}^{j} ()(, \frac{{LA}_{n} + {LA}_{n + 1}}{2}) \times K_{n}\},

B = \{{false\sum}_{n = i}^{j} (\frac{S_{n} + S_{n + 1}}{2}) \times K_{n}\},

C = \{[false(n_{s} ‐ n_{i} false) \times {LA}_{i}] ‐ [{false\sum}_{n = i}^{n_{S}} (\frac{S_{n} + S_{n + 1}}{2}) \times K_{n}]\},

D = \{[{false\sum}_{n = n_{l}}^{j} false(\frac{L A_{n} + L A_{n + 1}}{2} false) \times K_{n}] ‐ [false(n_{j} ‐ n_{l} ...]\}

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leaf census was made in the field every 10 days from May to September. Leaf lifespan was calculated by dividing the accumulated leaf area-days of all the leaves monitored in a plot by the accumulated area of those leaves that were born and died over the census period according to the following equations (Craine & Reich, 2001;Ren et al, 2013).…”

Section: Measurements Of Leaf Lifespanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, increased temperature promoted ethylene production and consequently accelerated leaf senescence in soybean (Djanaguiraman & Prasad, 2010), whereas it inhibited ethylene production and delayed leaf senescence in wheat (Arshad & Frankenberger, 2002). Although high N supply has been found to increase ethylene production from plant leaves (Ren et al, 2013) and roots (Tian et al, 2009), it remains unclear whether the inconsistent responses of leaf lifespan to N addition (Oikawa et al, 2017; Pornon et al, 2011) would suggest inconsistent responses of ethylene production to increased N supply. The variation in ethylene production can be explained by the fact that the expression of genes encoding 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid synthase (ACS) and 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid oxidase (ACO), the two key enzymes responsible for ethylene synthesis, is affected by high temperature and N availability (Tian et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ethylene‐regulated leaf lifespan explains divergent responses of plant productivity to warming among three hydrologically different growing seasons

Ren

Han

et al. 2021

Global Change Biology

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Leaf senescence is known to be regulated by the plant hormone ethylene, but how leaf lifespan responds to global environmental change and links to ecosystem‐level responses remains largely unexplored. Here we investigated the effects of climate warming and nitrogen addition on plant functional traits, plant hormone ethylene and net primary production in a 13‐year field experiment in a desert steppe. Across the last 3 years of the experiment (2016–2018), plant productivity increased under warming only in 2016, when there was above normal precipitation, but consistently increased with nitrogen addition. Warming enhanced net photosynthesis, leaf nitrogen and ethylene production and reduced leaf lifespan in 2016 (a wet year), but not in 2017 (a drought year); the effect of warming in 2018 (a year with normal precipitation) was opposite to 2016, likely due to the below‐normal precipitation in the mid‐growing season in 2018. Nitrogen addition led to increases in leaf nitrogen, ethylene production and net photosynthesis, and declines in leaf lifespan in 2016 and 2018, but not in 2017. The ethylene‐regulated lifespan was further evidenced by the addition of CoCl2 (an ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor) that reduced ethylene production and prolonged lifespan. Structural equation modeling showed that leaf lifespan had a negative effect on plant productivity, both directly and indirectly via its negative effect on net photosynthesis, across all 3 years. Our results demonstrate the divergent responses of leaf lifespan and, in turn, plant productivity to warming under inter‐annual and intra‐annual precipitation variation, thus linking plant hormone production, functional traits and ecosystem functioning in the face of global environmental change.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Leaf lifespan = \frac{(A ‐ B ‐ C ‐ D)}{(S_{j} ‐ {LA}_{i})},

A = \{{false\sum}_{n = i}^{j} ()(, \frac{{LA}_{n} + {LA}_{n + 1}}{2}) \times K_{n}\},

B = \{{false\sum}_{n = i}^{j} (\frac{S_{n} + S_{n + 1}}{2}) \times K_{n}\},

C = \{[false(n_{s} ‐ n_{i} false) \times {LA}_{i}] ‐ [{false\sum}_{n = i}^{n_{S}} (\frac{S_{n} + S_{n + 1}}{2}) \times K_{n}]\},

D = \{[{false\sum}_{n = n_{l}}^{j} false(\frac{L A_{n} + L A_{n + 1}}{2} false) \times K_{n}] ‐ [false(n_{j} ‐ n_{l} ...]\}

…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurements Of Leaf Lifespanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ethylene‐regulated leaf lifespan explains divergent responses of plant productivity to warming among three hydrologically different growing seasons

Ren

Han

et al. 2021

Global Change Biology

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“…We defined the N medium/high addition based on previous gradient studies. Similar experiments were designed in studies of nitrogen saturation experiments project in Europe and Harvard forest in the United States (Wright and Rasmussen, 1998;Magill et al, 2004;Ren et al, 2013). Our experiments included three N deposition treatments: the control without N addition (CK, 0 g N/(m 2 •yr)), medium N deposition level (Medium N, 7.5 g N/(m 2 •yr)) and high N deposition level Fig.…”

Section: Experimental Design and Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nitrogen deposition on tundra vegetation undergoing invasion by Deyeuxia angustifolia in Changbai Mountains

You-hai

Wang

et al. 2015

Chin. Geogr. Sci.

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In recent years, herbaceous species such as Deyeuxia angustifolia (Kom.) Y. L. Chang has invaded alpine tundra regions of the western slope of the Changbai Mountains. Because atmospheric nitrogen deposition is predicted to increase under a warming climate and D. angustifolia is sensitive to nitrogen addition, field experiments were conducted from 2010 to 2013 to determine the effect of increased nitrogen deposition on the mechanisms of D. angustifolia invasion. The goal of this study is to evaluate the impact of increased nitrogen deposition on the changes in alpine tundra vegetation (consisting mostly of Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall. and Vaccinium uliginosum Linn.). The results showed that: 1) simulated nitrogen deposition affected overall characteristics and structure of R. chrysanthum and V. uliginosum communities and had a positive impact on the growth of tundra vegetation invaded by D. angustifolia; 2) R. chrysanthum was more resistant to invasion by D. angustifolia than V. uliginosum; 3) simulated nitrogen deposition could improve the growth and enhance the competitiveness of D. angustifolia, which was gradually replacing R. chrysanthum and V. uliginosum and might become the dominant species in the system in future, transforming alpine tundra into alpine meadow in the Changbai Mountains.

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Introduction

Chen

Han

et al. 2020

Ecosystems of China

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Linking ethylene to nitrogen-dependent leaf longevity of grass species in a temperate steppe

Abstract: These findings provide the first experimental evidence in support of the involvement of ethylene in nitrogen-induced decrease in leaf longevity.

Cited by 7 publications

References 39 publications

Ethylene‐regulated leaf lifespan explains divergent responses of plant productivity to warming among three hydrologically different growing seasons

Ethylene‐regulated leaf lifespan explains divergent responses of plant productivity to warming among three hydrologically different growing seasons

Effects of nitrogen deposition on tundra vegetation undergoing invasion by Deyeuxia angustifolia in Changbai Mountains

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