Steely Enzymes Are Involved in Prestalk and Prespore Pattern Formation

Stalk cell differentiation without polyketides in the cellular slime mold

“…In this study, D. discoideum Ax2 and the stlA/stlB double-knockout mutant were used and cultured as described previously. 12) The cells were transformed with LacZ markers and grown in HL-5 medium supplemented with 10 μg/ml of blasticidin S and G418. For developmental analysis, cells were washed and grown at 22°C on phosphate buffer (2.7 mM Na 2 HPO 4 /10.7 mM K 2 HPO 4 ; pH 6.2) agar plates at a density of 1-2 × 10 6 cells/cm 2 .…”

“…The photographs were captured as previously described. 12) Cerulenin was purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Tokyo Japan). For cerulenin treatment, cells were incubated in HL5-medium containing 100 μM cerulenin for 12 h during the vegetative stage and then developed on non-nutrient agar containing 300 μM cerulenin.…”

“…Cell secretion materials were prepared as described previously without any alterations. 12,15) Gene expression analysis by qRT-PCR.…”

“…12) Since our previous data indicated that MPBD and/or DIF-1 could not recover the pstA marker gene expression in the stlA/stlB double-knockout mutant, it implied that a novel factor induces pstA cells. To examine this, we used cerulenin in vivo to inhibit all PKSs activities.…”

Effects of deletion of the receptor CrlA on Dictyostelium aggregation and MPBD-mediated responses are strain dependent and not evident in strain Ax2

“…MPBD was originally identified as a stalk cell inducing factor and was also shown to have spore inducing activity in vitro (Saito et al, 2006, Narita et al, 2011. In addition, MPBD induces spore maturation in fruiting bodies (Sato et al, 2013, Narita et al, 2014. Previous studies suggest that MPBD is a component of the SDF-1 (Spore Differentiation Factor-1) signalling cascade (Anjard et al, 2011).…”