Towards the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate universal vaccination

Martinelli, Domenico; Cappelli, Maria Giovanna; Caputi, G; Sallustio, Anna; Fortunato, Francesca; Tafuri, Silvio; Cozza, Vanessa; Germinario, Cinzia Annatea; Chironna, Maria; Prato, Rosa

doi:10.4161/hv.26650

Cited by 28 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Coverage for full vaccination schedule in children below 2 y of age was estimated to be 95% in 2012 (2010 birth cohort; PCV7/PCV13) and 93% in 2013 (2011 birth cohort) 25 , 30 . In total, between May 2010 and January 2013, 4 laboratory-confirmed IPD cases were identified in children younger than 5 y (1 case in 2010, 2 cases in 2011, and 1 case 2012) 31 . An assessment of hospital records extracted from the regional discharge registry revealed 6 IPD cases in the same period (1 case in 2010, 2 in 2011, and 3 in 2012) 30 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A reflection on invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumococcal conjugate vaccination coverage in children in Southern Europe (2009–2016)

Moreira¹,

Castro²,

Palmieri

et al. 2017

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Higher-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) were licensed from 2009 in Europe; similar worldwide clinical effectiveness was observed for PCVs in routine use. Despite a proven medical need, PCV vaccination in Southern Europe remained suboptimal until 2015/16.We searched PubMed for manuscripts published between 2009 and mid-2016. Included manuscripts had to contain data about invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) incidence, or vaccination coverage with higher-valent PCVs. This review represents the first analysis of vaccination coverage and impact of higher-valent PCVs on overall IPD in Southern European countries (Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece, Cyprus).Vaccination coverage in the Portuguese private market peaked around 2008 at 75% (children ≤ 2 years) but declined to 63% in 2012. In Madrid, coverage was 95% (2007–2012) but dropped to 67% (2013/14; children ≤ 2 years) after funding termination in May 2012. PCVs were recently introduced in the national immunisation program (NIP) of Portugal (2015) and Spain (2015/16). In Italy, coverage for the complete PCV schedule (children ≤ 2 years) was 88% in 2013, although highly variable between regions (45–99%). In Greece, in 2013, 82.3% had received 3 PCV doses by 12 months, while 62.3% received the fourth dose by 24 months. Overall IPD (net benefit: effect on vaccine types, vaccine-related types, and non-vaccine types) has decreased; in Greece, pneumococcal meningitis incidence remained stable.Continued IPD surveillance or national registers using ICD-10 codes of clinically suspected IPD are necessary, with timely publicly available reports and adequate national vaccination registers to assess trends in vaccination coverage, allowing evaluation of PCVs in NIPs.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A reflection on invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumococcal conjugate vaccination coverage in children in Southern Europe (2009–2016)

Moreira¹,

Castro²,

Palmieri

et al. 2017

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Widespread use of PCVs has significantly decreased incidence of IPD in children targeted by vaccination and unvaccinated individuals of various ages in many countries worldwide. [5][6][7][8][9][10] Despite these reductions, there remains a substantial burden of PD in children and adults, mostly related to disease caused by serotypes not included in the licensed PCVs. Similar to the trend seen in IPD, many studies have observed that the incidences of pneumococcal pneumonia and acute otitis media (AOM) in children have also significantly decreased after immunization with PCVs; however, the estimate of the true impact of PCVs on serotypespecific disease varies somewhat by study and is difficult to precisely determine due to methodological challenges in case ascertainment for pneumonia or AOM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to the trend seen in IPD, many studies have observed that the incidences of pneumococcal pneumonia and acute otitis media (AOM) in children have also significantly decreased after immunization with PCVs; however, the estimate of the true impact of PCVs on serotypespecific disease varies somewhat by study and is difficult to precisely determine due to methodological challenges in case ascertainment for pneumonia or AOM. [11][12][13][14] [5][6][7][8][9][10] Coincidentally, an increase in disease caused by serotypes not included in PCV13 was also observed. In United States (U.S.), IPD caused by serotypes 22F and 33F were <1% in children while representing respectively 4.5% and 0.9% of cases in adults ≥65 years in 1998.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A dose ranging study of 2 different formulations of 15-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV15) in healthy infants

Rupp

Hurley

Grayson

et al. 2019

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Two new formulations of an investigational 15-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV15-A and PCV15-B) were developed using 2 different protein-polysaccharide conjugation processes and evaluated in separate phase I/II studies (NCT02037984 [V114-004] and NCT02531373 [V114-005]) to assess optimal concentrations of pneumococcal polysaccharide (PnPs) and Aluminum Phosphate Adjuvant. Methods: Various lots of PCV15-A and PCV15-B containing different concentrations of PnPs and/or adjuvant were compared to PCV13 in young adults and infants. Adults received single dose and infants received 4 doses at 2, 4, 6, and 12-15 months of age. Adverse events (AEs) were collected after each dose. Serotype-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations and opsonophagocytic activity (OPA) were measured prior and 30 days postvaccination in adults, at 1 month postdose 3 (PD3), pre-dose4, and postdose 4 (PD4) in infants. Results: Safety profiles were comparable across vaccination groups. At PD3, serotype-specific IgG GMCs were generally lower for either PCV15 formulation than PCV13 for most shared serotypes. PCV15 consistently elicited higher antibody responses to the 2 serotypes unique to the vaccine (22F and 33F) and serotype 3 for which PCV13 was shown to be ineffective. Except for serotypes 6A and 6B, no dose-response effect was observed with increasing concentrations of PnPs and/or adjuvant. Conclusion: PCV15 is safe and induces IgG and OPA responses to all 15 serotypes in the vaccine. No significant differences in antibody responses were observed with increases in PnPs and/or Aluminum Phosphate Adjuvant. ARTICLE HISTORY

show abstract

“…In developed nations, a substantial decrease in the invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) incidence rate has been achieved through the introduction of the 7-valent- pneumococcal conjugated vaccine (PCV-7) into pediatric immunization programs. PCV-10 and PCV-13 including additional pneumococcus serotypes are now gradually replacing PCV-7 in immunization programs mainly in developed countries [ 1 ],[ 2 ] but also in developing countries [ 3 ],[ 4 ]. In contrast, the incidence of IPD has changed little in developing countries (DC), reflecting poor access to pneumococcal vaccination and the fact that PCV-7 does not contain serotypes 1, 5 and 6A known to be prevalent in Africa [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying an appropriate PCV for use in Senegal, recent insights concerning Streptococcus pneumoniaeNP carriage and IPD in Dakar

Seck

et al. 2014

BMC Infect Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundSince 2000, the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) and WHO have supported the introduction of the Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) in the immunization programs of developing countries. The highest pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage rates have been reported (40-60%) in these countries, and the highest incidence and case fatality rates of pneumococcal infections have been demonstrated in Africa.MethodsStudies concerning nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage and pneumococcal infection in children less than 5 years old were conducted in Dakar from 2007 to 2008. Serotype, antibiotic susceptibility and minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined. In addition, among 17 overall publications, 6 manuscripts of the Senegalese literature published from 1972 to 2013 were selected for data comparisons.ResultsAmong the 264 children observed, 132 (50%) children generated a nasopharyngeal (NP) positive culture with Streptococcus pneumoniae. The five most prevalent serotypes, were 6B (9%), 19 F (9%), 23 F (7.6%), 14 (7.6%) and 6A (6.8%). Fifteen percent of the strains (20/132) showed reduced susceptibility to penicillin and 3% (4/132) showed reduced susceptibility to anti-pneumococcal fluoroquinolones. Among the 196 suspected pneumococcal infections, 62 (31.6%) Streptococcus pneumoniae were isolated. Serogroup 1 was the most prevalent serotype (21.3%), followed by 6B (14.9%), 23 F (14.9%) and 5 (8.5%). Vaccine coverage for PCV-7, PCV-10 and PCV-13, were 36.2% (17/47), 66% (31/47) and 70.2% (33/47) respectively. Reduced susceptibility to penicillin and anti-pneumococcal fluoroquinolones was 6.4% and 4.3%, respectively, and the overall lethality was 42.4% (14/33).ConclusionsThis study confirms a high rate of carriage and disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes contained within the current generation of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines and consistent with reports from other countries in sub-Saharan Africa prior to PCV introduction. Antimicrobial resistance in this small unselected sample confirms a low rate of antibiotic resistance. Case-fatality is high. Introduction of a high valency pneumococcal vaccine should be a priority for health planners with the establishment of an effective surveillance system to monitor post vaccine changes.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12879-014-0627-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

Towards the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate universal vaccination

Cited by 28 publications

References 20 publications

A reflection on invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumococcal conjugate vaccination coverage in children in Southern Europe (2009–2016)

A reflection on invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumococcal conjugate vaccination coverage in children in Southern Europe (2009–2016)

A dose ranging study of 2 different formulations of 15-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV15) in healthy infants

Identifying an appropriate PCV for use in Senegal, recent insights concerning Streptococcus pneumoniaeNP carriage and IPD in Dakar

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About