Rothia aeria mitral valve endocarditis complicated by multiple mycotic aneurysms: laboratory identification expedited using MALDI-TOF MS

Abstract

Rothia aeria has only rarely been described as a human pathogen. We describe a case of Rothia aeria causing mitral valve endocarditis and multiple mycotic aneurysms, including cerebral mycotic aneurysms. In the case described, early identification of Rothia aeria was achieved using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS).

Rothia aeria vertebral discitis/osteomyelitis in an immunocompetent adult: Case report and literature review

“…Our review of the literature revealed seventeen case reports of non-dental infection caused by R. aeria ( Table 1 ). The most common manifestations of R. aeria infection were endocarditis noted in eight cases [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] and respiratory tract infection noted in four cases [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] . Joint infection [16] , [17] , skin abscess [18] and tubal-ovarian abscess [19] caused by R. aeria were less commonly described.…”

“…Joint infection [16] , [17] , skin abscess [18] and tubal-ovarian abscess [19] caused by R. aeria were less commonly described. Only six reported cases were in immunocompetent patients [4] , [5] , [7] , [9] , [10] , [11] , all of which manifested as endocarditis.…”

Successful management ofRothia aeriapneumonia during the peritransplant period: first reported case in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant

“…been reported to date, and m ost were associated with the use of im m unosuppressants for underlying diseases [2][3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

“…Only seven cases of R. aeria infection have been reported [2][3][4][5][6][7][8], because most reported Rothia species infection cases were caused by R. dentocariosa and R. mucilaginosa. Both of these are com mon inhabitants of the human oral cavities [13].…”

“…Both of these are com mon inhabitants of the human oral cavities [13]. R. aeria was first isolated from air and water samples in Russia's Mir space station laboratory in 1997 [1,2], and is believed to invade the body via the respiratory tract, which is speculated from pre viously reported cases [2,3,8], R. aeria is difficult to identify because of its similar morphology and colony appearance to those of Nocardia species. 16S rRNA sequencing is required to distinguish Rothia from Nocardia species.…”