Encephalitis and GABA
            <sub>B</sub>
            receptor antibodies

Höftberger, Romana; Titulaer, Maarten J.; Sabater, Lidia; Döme, Balázs; Rózsás, Anita; Hegedűs, Balázs; Hoda, Mir Alireza; László, Viktória; Ankersmit, Hendrik Jan; Harms, Lutz; Boyero, Sabas; Felipe, Alicia de; Sáiz, Albert; Dalmau, Josep; Graus, Francesc

doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182a9585f

Cited by 428 publications

(480 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…[22] Sıklıkla 40 yaşın üzerindeki kadınlarda tedaviye dirençli temporal lob nöbetleri ile karakterize epileptik nöbetlerin ön planda olduğu klasik LE bulguları ile ortaya çıkan klinik tablolar GABABR antikoru ile ilişkilidir. [23][24][25][26] Ayrı-ca ensefalit dışında yine GABABR antikoru ile ilişkili olarak serebellar ataksi, status epileptikus, opsoklonus-miyoklonus olguları da bildirilmiştir. [26,27] Limbik ensefalit olgularının yaklaşık yarısı paraneoplastik iken (en sık rastlanan tümör küçük hücreli akciğer kanseri), %90 olguda inflamatuvar BOS bulguları ve %65 olguda ise anormal MRG bulguları görülebilir.…”

Section: Anti-gabar Antikorlarıunclassified

“…[23][24][25][26] Ayrı-ca ensefalit dışında yine GABABR antikoru ile ilişkili olarak serebellar ataksi, status epileptikus, opsoklonus-miyoklonus olguları da bildirilmiştir. [26,27] Limbik ensefalit olgularının yaklaşık yarısı paraneoplastik iken (en sık rastlanan tümör küçük hücreli akciğer kanseri), %90 olguda inflamatuvar BOS bulguları ve %65 olguda ise anormal MRG bulguları görülebilir. [26] EEG incelemelerinde ise zemin aktivitesinde genel bir yavaşlama ile birlikte temporal bölgelerde epileptik aktiviteler saptanabilir.…”

Section: Anti-gabar Antikorlarıunclassified

“…[26,27] Limbik ensefalit olgularının yaklaşık yarısı paraneoplastik iken (en sık rastlanan tümör küçük hücreli akciğer kanseri), %90 olguda inflamatuvar BOS bulguları ve %65 olguda ise anormal MRG bulguları görülebilir. [26] EEG incelemelerinde ise zemin aktivitesinde genel bir yavaşlama ile birlikte temporal bölgelerde epileptik aktiviteler saptanabilir. [26] İmmünterapi ile oldukça iyi sonuçlar alınırken, atakların tekrarlama olasılığı da azdır.…”

Section: Anti-gabar Antikorlarıunclassified

“…[26] EEG incelemelerinde ise zemin aktivitesinde genel bir yavaşlama ile birlikte temporal bölgelerde epileptik aktiviteler saptanabilir. [26] İmmünterapi ile oldukça iyi sonuçlar alınırken, atakların tekrarlama olasılığı da azdır. [23,26] İyonotropik GABAAR ise farklı alt ünitelerden oluşan heteropentamerik yapıda olup beyinde hızlı inhibitör sinaptik geçişe aracılık eden bir reseptördür.…”

Section: Anti-gabar Antikorlarıunclassified

“…[26] İmmünterapi ile oldukça iyi sonuçlar alınırken, atakların tekrarlama olasılığı da azdır. [23,26] İyonotropik GABAAR ise farklı alt ünitelerden oluşan heteropentamerik yapıda olup beyinde hızlı inhibitör sinaptik geçişe aracılık eden bir reseptördür. [28,29] Ayrıca GABAAR alt ünitelerinde olan mutasyonlar genetik epilepsi sendromlaSerum VGKC otoantikorlarının yüksek bulunması tanının doğrulanmasında önemlidir.…”

Section: Anti-gabar Antikorlarıunclassified

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Anti-Neuronal Autoantibodies Associated with Epilepsy and Related Neurological Syndromes

Çoban¹,

Tüzün²

2015

Epilepsi

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SummaryAutoimmunity and inflammation can be shown as causative factors of epilepsies of unknown cause. The clear relationship between seizures and certain autoimmune diseases has been revealed in recent years. The detection of autoantibodies in the serum of patients with epilepsy supports this notion. Most of the epilepsy-associated antibodies occur against molecules on the surface of neurons, whereas the remaining autoantibodies target intracellular antigens. In this article, we summarize anti-neuronal autoantibodies associated with epilepsy and associated neurological syndromes.

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Section: Anti-gabar Antikorlarıunclassified

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Anti-Neuronal Autoantibodies Associated with Epilepsy and Related Neurological Syndromes

Çoban¹,

Tüzün²

2015

Epilepsi

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Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes and Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies

et al. 2015

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IMPORTANCE Little is known of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GAD-abs) in the paraneoplastic context. Clinical recognition of such cases will lead to prompt tumor diagnosis and appropriate treatment.OBJECTIVE To report the clinical and immunological features of patients with paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) and GAD-abs. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSRetrospective case series study and immunological investigations conducted in February 2014 in a center for autoimmune neurological disorders. Fifteen cases with GAD65-abs evaluated between 1995 and 2013 who fulfilled criteria of definite or possible PNS without concomitant onconeural antibodies were included in this study. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESAnalysis of the clinical records of 15 patients and review of 19 previously reported cases. Indirect immunofluorescence with rat hippocampal neuronal cultures and cell-based assays with known neuronal cell-surface antigens were used. One hundred six patients with GAD65-abs and no cancer served as control individuals.RESULTS Eight of the 15 patients with cancer presented as classic paraneoplastic syndromes (5 limbic encephalitis, 1 paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis, 1 paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, and 1 opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome). When compared with the 106 non-PNS cases, those with PNS were older (median age, 60 years vs 48 years; P = .03), more frequently male (60% vs 13%; P < .001), and had more often coexisting neuronal cell-surface antibodies, mainly against γ-aminobutyric acid receptors (53% vs 11%; P < .001). The tumors more frequently involved were lung (n = 6) and thymic neoplasms (n = 4). The risk for an underlying tumor was higher if the presentation was a classic PNS, if it was different from stiff-person syndrome or cerebellar ataxia (odds ratio, 10.5; 95% CI, 3.2-34.5), or if the patient had coexisting neuronal cell-surface antibodies (odds ratio, 6.8; 95% CI, 1.1-40.5). Compared with the current series, the 19 previously reported cases had more frequent stiff-person syndrome (74% vs 13%; P = .001) and better responses to treatment (79% vs 27%; P = .005). Predictors of improvement in the 34 patients (current and previously reported) included presentation with stiff-person syndrome and the presence of a thymic tumor. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEPatients with GAD-abs must be screened for an underlying cancer if they have clinical presentations different from those typically associated with this autoimmunity or develop classic PNS. The risk for cancer increases with age, male sex, and the presence of coexisting neuronal cell-surface antibodies.

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Autoimmune Epilepsy Disorders

et al. 2021

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Encephalitis and GABA _B receptor antibodies

Cited by 428 publications

References 16 publications

Anti-Neuronal Autoantibodies Associated with Epilepsy and Related Neurological Syndromes

Anti-Neuronal Autoantibodies Associated with Epilepsy and Related Neurological Syndromes

Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes and Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies

Autoimmune Epilepsy Disorders

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Encephalitis and GABA B receptor antibodies

Cited by 428 publications

References 16 publications

Anti-Neuronal Autoantibodies Associated with Epilepsy and Related Neurological Syndromes

Anti-Neuronal Autoantibodies Associated with Epilepsy and Related Neurological Syndromes

Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes and Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies

Autoimmune Epilepsy Disorders

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Encephalitis and GABA _B receptor antibodies