Self- or Physician-reported Diabetes, Glycemia Markers, and Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults in Germany

Breitling, Lutz P.; Olsen, Hutson; Müller, Heiko; Schöttker, Ben; Kliegel, Matthias; Brenner, Hermann

doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2013.06.004

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…An inverse association between serum selenium and advanced colorectal adenoma was found in current smoker (OR 0.27; 95% CI 0.11-0.66) and in subject with the lowest tertile of baseline selenium (OR 0.27; 95% CI 0.09-0.77) [67]. These results are also confirmed by another randomized trial on 758 cases and 767 sex- and race-matched controls, where an OR of 0.63 (95% CI 0.47-0.84) and 0.44 (95% CI 0.24-0.81) were found for the lowest quintile of baseline selenium and current smokers, respectively [68]. Finally a more recent double-blind randomized trial conducted on 411 patients who had undergone a polypectomy, showing that the co-administration of selenium with other antioxidants significantly reduced the risk of adenoma recurrence in these patients (HR 0.61; 95 % CI 0.41-0.92) [69].…”

Section: Seleniumsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…On contrary the Wactawski et al [88] study performed on 36,282 postmenopausal women received calcium 1 g/day plus vitamin D 400 IU/day or placebo for 7 years found no significant effect of daily supplementation of calcium with vitamin D on colorectal cancer incidence. Another study on women with a prospective cohort of 45,354 subjects without a history of colorectal cancer followed for 8.5 years found an approximately 25% reductions CRC risk for both high dietary and supplement calcium intake [89]. Moreover a mayor protective effect was showed for the simultaneously high consumption of calcium, both for dietary and supplement (RR 0.54; 95% CI 0.37-0.79).…”

Section: Calciummentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pharmacological and dietary prevention for colorectal cancer

et al. 2013

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BackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality. People at higher risk are those individuals with a family history of CRC and familial adenomatous polyposis. Prevention and screening are two milestones for this disease. The aim of this study is to evaluate the chemopreventive role of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including aspirin and cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors, some micronutrients (folic acid, calcium, selenium, antioxidants) and probiotics.DiscussionThe studies on aspiring reported promising results, but it is debatable whether aspirin should be used as chemoprevention, because of its side effects and because of poor efficacy evident in subjects at high risk. Similar results were reported for other non-aspirin NSAIDs, such as sulindac and celecoxib, which the potential adverse effects limit their use. Selenium role in prevention of various types of cancer as well as in colon adenomas are often inconclusive or controversial. Several studies suggested that calcium may have a possible chemopreventive effect on colon adenomas and CRC, although contrasting results are reported for the latter. A recent meta-analysis including 13 randomized trial suggested that folic acid supplementation had not a chemiopreventive action on CRC. Several studies investigated the association between antioxidants, administered alone or in combination, and CRC risk, both among general and at risk population, but only few of them supported statistically significant results.ConclusionThe results of this literature review showed an unclear role in CRC prevention of both pharmacological and dietary intervention. Despite several options are available to prevent colon cancer, it is challenging to identify a correct strategy to prevent CRC through pharmacological and dietary intervention due to the long latency of cancer promotion and development. Since some of the drugs investigated may have uncertain individual effects, it can be suggested to potentiate such effects by adding them together.

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Section: Seleniumsupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Calciummentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological and dietary prevention for colorectal cancer

et al. 2013

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“…Furthermore, elderly patients with diabetes are particularly vulnerable because of the additive deleterious effects of diabetes on cognitive functions. Studies have shown that patients with diabetes were noted to have impaired memory and attention 37–41. Degenerative disorders of the brain such as Alzheimer’s disease and dementia lead to gait disturbances, confusion and memory loss impeding their ability to comply with the medication precautions 42,43.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentially inappropriate medications use in community-based aged patients: a cross-sectional study using 2012 Beers criteria

Zeenny¹,

Wakim²,

Kuyumjian³

2017

CIA

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BackgroundPotentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) should be avoided by the aged population. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of PIMs among Lebanese aged outpatients using Beers criteria of 2012. The secondary objectives were to identify the correlates of the PIMs use and to compare the PIMs prevalence rates as per Beers criteria of 2003 and 2012.MethodsThis cross-sectional observational study was conducted among aged outpatients of different accredited community pharmacies across Lebanon. Data were collected through a validated questionnaire. The Beers criteria of 2012 were used to evaluate PIMs. The association between PIMs used and independent variables were analyzed by logistic regression. The differences between PIMs use according to Beers criteria 2003 and 2012 were calculated using chi-squared and McNemar’s tests.ResultsA total of 248 outpatients were analyzed. We identified 112 (45.2%) out of 248 patients taking PIMs. The leading classes of medications identified to cause PIMs were those acting on the central nervous system (71.4%). The factors associated with PIMs use were age, osteoporosis, Alzheimer/dementia, diabetes, and alcohol consumption. PIMs use increased significantly between Beers criteria 2003 and 2012 (Chi-squared test, P<0.001; McNemar’s test, P<0.001).ConclusionOur study showed a high prevalence of PIMs use in Lebanon, which is associated with various correlates. Education of health care providers and medication review should be considered to improve medication safety of older adults.

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“…9 Two articles in the current issue add to the body of evidence linking metabolic syndrome and glycemic control to cognitive dysfunction in the elderly while highlighting the complexity of this relationship. 10,11 Rouch et al carried out a cross-sectional analysis of a population based cohort study (the PROOF study) to investigate the relationship between components of metabolic syndrome and cognitive functioning in a group of community-dwelling elders without baseline dementia, previous diagnoses of diabetes, or history of serious cardiac events. The authors found a prevalence of metabolic syndrome of 17% in this population, and a significant association between hyperglycemia and poor memory (OR, 1.53, p ¼ 0.0460) as well as low HDL and executive function (OR, 2.60, p <0.0001).…”

Section: Metabolic Syndrome Glycemic Control and Cognition: Cross-tmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a cross-sectional observational study of 1,697 community-dwelling elders recruited from among participants of a prospective epidemiological study of the elderly general population in Germany, Breitling et al found an association between lower cognitive functioning on the Cognitive Functioning Telephone Instrument and both self-and physician-reported diabetes (self-reported: p ¼ 0.0074, df ¼ 2, F ¼ 4.92; physician-reported: p ¼ 0.0002, df ¼ 1,663, F ¼ 3.73). 11 Cognitive scores were significantly associated with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (p ¼ 0.0009, df ¼ 4, F ¼ 4.72) in a nonlinear fashion (an inverse U-shape relationship), peaking in the central range of HbA1c values. For fasting glucose values, meanwhile, similar to previous studies, cognitive scores were significantly lower only in the highest quintile of fasting glucose values (overall association p <0.0001, df ¼ 4, F ¼ 6.60) but not for lower and mid-range values, suggesting that HbA1c may be a more sensitive biomarker of cognitive decline.…”

Section: Metabolic Syndrome Glycemic Control and Cognition: Cross-tmentioning

confidence: 99%