Osteocalcin Levels on Oral Glucose Load in Women being Investigated for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Schwetz, Verena; Lerchbaum, Elisabeth; Schweighofer, Natascha; Hacker, Nicole; Trummer, Olivia; Borel, Olivier; Pieber, Thomas R.; Chapurlat, Roland; Obermayer–Pietsch, Barbara

doi:10.4158/ep13110.or

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Previous reports have been consistent, and reported lower levels of BTM in subjects with T2DM compared to nondiabetic subjects [6,16,21,39]. In insulin resistant [40], obese [17], and healthy subjects [15], glucose-loading is reported to exhibit a suppressive effect on BTM. An oral glucose tolerance test suppressed PINP and CTX by two-fourfold, higher fasting serum levels of glucose were associated with lower PINP, and higher levels of insulin were associated with increased bone formation markers [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Women with type 2 diabetes mellitus have lower cortical porosity of the proximal femoral shaft using low-resolution CT than nondiabetic women, and increasing glucose is associated with reduced cortical porosity

Osima

Kral

Borgen

et al. 2017

Bone

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Increased cortical porosity has been suggested as a possible factor increasing fracture propensity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This is a paradox because cortical porosity is generally associated with high bone turnover, while bone turnover is reduced in patients with T2DM. We therefore wanted to test the hypothesis that women with T2DM have lower bone turnover markers (BTM) and lower cortical porosity than those without diabetes, and that higher serum glucose and body mass index (BMI) are associated with lower BTM, and with lower cortical porosity. Increasing glucose and BMI were associated with lower bone turnover suggesting that reduced intracortical and endocortical remodeling leads to reduced porosity and thicker cortices. Using low-resolution clinical CT, cortical porosity was lower in women with T2DM compared to 3 women without diabetes. This indicates that other changes in bone qualities, not increased cortical porosity, are likely to explain the increased fracture propensity in patients with T2DM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Women with type 2 diabetes mellitus have lower cortical porosity of the proximal femoral shaft using low-resolution CT than nondiabetic women, and increasing glucose is associated with reduced cortical porosity

Osima

Kral

Borgen

et al. 2017

Bone

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“…5 In addition, patients with type 2 diabetes and polycystic ovarian syndrome are characterised by hyperinsulinaemia; yet, they have low circulating levels of OC, P1NP and b-CTx. 2,3 These studies all suggest that glucose may affect osteoblast function. In the current study, the circulating glucose levels were maintained around 5 mmol l À 1 ; however, glucose was constantly infused to achieve this targeted blood glucose level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Bone remodelling markers (BRMs) are suppressed after a meal or following a glucose load 1,2 and correlate inversely with fasting plasma glucose levels as well as with 2 h glucose levels during an oral glucose tolerance test, 3 suggesting that glucose and insulin may affect osteoblast and osteoclast function. It is plausible that impairment of glucose handling might contribute to alterations in BRMs, thereby contributing to the increased fracture risk observed in obese people and those with type 2 diabetes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp and exercise on bone remodeling markers in obese men

Levinger¹,

Brennan‐Speranza

Jerums

et al. 2015

BoneKEy Reports

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Bone remodelling markers (BRMs) are suppressed following a glucose load and during glucose infusion. As exercise increases indices of bone health and improves glucose handling, we hypothesised that, at rest, hyperinsulinaemiceuglycaemic clamp will suppress BRMs in obese men and that exercise prior to the clamp will prevent this suppression. Eleven obese nondiabetic men (age 58.1 ± 2.2 years, body mass index ¼ 33.1 ± 1.4 kg m À 2 mean ± s.e.m.) had a hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp (HEC) at rest (Control) and 60 min post exercise (four bouts Â 4 min cycling at 95% of hazard ratio peak ). Blood samples were analysed for serum insulin, glucose, bone formation markers, total osteocalcin (tOC) and procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP), and the bone resorption marker, b-isomerised C-terminal telopeptides (b-CTx). In the control trial (no exercise), tOC, P1NP and b-CTx decreased with HEC by 410% compared with baseline (Po0.05). Fasting serum glucose, but not insulin, tended to correlate negatively with the BRMs (b range À 0.57 to À 0.66, p range 0.051-0.087). b-CTx, but not OC or P1NP, increased within 60 min post exercise (B16%, Po0.01). During the post-exercise HEC, the glucose infusion rate was B30% higher compared with the no exercise trial. Despite this, BRMs were only suppressed to a similar extent as in the control session (10%). HEC suppressed BRMs in obese men. Exercise did not prevent this suppression of BRMs by HEC but improved glucose handling during the trial. It remains to be tested whether an exercise intervention of longer duration may be able to prevent the effect of HEC on bone remodelling.

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“…Insulin infused at high, intermediate and low doses neither affected the level of undercarboxylated osteocalcin in participants with type 2 diabetes nor in healthy individuals ( 9 ). Furthermore, OGTT has previously been shown to decrease osteocalcin as well as undercarboxylated osteocalcin ( 10 , 11 ) and osteocalcin levels decreased during a hyperinsulinemic, euglycemic clamp in obese people ( 12 ). Antiresorptive therapies are hypothesized to increase undercarboxylated osteocalcin and thereby decrease diabetes incidence, however, in a post-hoc analysis of three randomized controlled trials the antiresorptive therapy did not affect fasting plasma glucose, weight loss, or diabetes risk ( 13 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose Tolerance Tests and Osteocalcin Responses in Healthy People

et al. 2018

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Aim: Osteocalcin and undercarboxylated osteocalcin are suggested to be endocrine messengers from the bones and have been shown to stimulate insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. Insulin is hypothesized to increase the osteoblastic production of osteocalcin. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the route of glucose administration influence the circulating levels of osteocalcin and undercarboxylated osteocalcin.Methods: Twelve healthy males were enrolled in an acute cross-over study where they underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), an isoglycemic intravenous glucose infusion (IIGI) and a fasting period (control). Blood samples were collected throughout 180 min and analyzed for osteocalcin and undercarboxylated osteocalcin and compared to insulin, glucose, and gastro-intestinal hormone responses.Results: Neither osteocalcin levels nor undercarboxylated osteocalcin levels over time differed between the OGTT, IIGI, and fasting. Baseline insulin levels and glucose levels were not associated with osteocalcin or undercarboxylated osteocalcin levels. Increases in insulin and glucose levels were neither associated with altered osteocalcin nor undercarboxylated osteocalcin levels.Conclusion: The route of glucose administration does not influence the circulating levels of osteocalcin and undercarboxylated osteocalcin despite the differential insulin and incretin responses. In the acute setting this suggests that insulin does not increase osteoblastic production of osteocalcin in healthy human males.

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Osteocalcin Levels on Oral Glucose Load in Women being Investigated for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Cited by 14 publications

References 39 publications

Women with type 2 diabetes mellitus have lower cortical porosity of the proximal femoral shaft using low-resolution CT than nondiabetic women, and increasing glucose is associated with reduced cortical porosity

Women with type 2 diabetes mellitus have lower cortical porosity of the proximal femoral shaft using low-resolution CT than nondiabetic women, and increasing glucose is associated with reduced cortical porosity

The effect of hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp and exercise on bone remodeling markers in obese men

Glucose Tolerance Tests and Osteocalcin Responses in Healthy People

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