Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among expatriates subjected to medical visa screening in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

Hosani, Farida Ismail Al; Yahia, Ghada A.

doi:10.1016/j.jegh.2012.12.003

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Despite high trafficking of tuberculosis (TB) in UAE [ 16 ], the prevalence of latent TB infection (LTBI) in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi among pediatric patients presenting for routine care is relatively low (0.45%) [ 17 ]. BCG vaccine may have contributed to this low prevalence in the country, especially since the prevalence of LTBI among Emirati medical students is much higher (8–10%) [ 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disseminated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) infections in infants with immunodeficiency

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThe Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) preparations are live-attenuated derivatives of Mycobacterium bovis. These products are used to vaccinate infants at birth, a practice that may result in a disseminated infection in those patients who have an unidentified immunodeficiency.Case presentationPatients who were immunized at birth with BCG and who developed a disseminated infection are reported here to emphasize the importance of taking an extensive medical history before ‎giving the BCG vaccine. Patient 1 has a sibling who had familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Patient 2 has a severe immunodeficiency with profound lymphopenia. Patient 3 has a sibling who had a disseminated BCG infection. Patient 4 has two siblings with an immunodeficiency disorder; one sibling passed away in infancy and one is receiving regular immunoglobulin infusions. Patient 5 has profound lymphopenia and his brother had cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonitis and passed away in infancy.ConclusionsThese unfortunate events could have been avoided by compiling the relevant clinical and laboratory information. These cases also underscore the importance of a strict adherence to the BCG vaccine policies. Local and international registries that estimate the birth prevalence of primary immune deficiencies are needed prior to implementing universal BCG vaccination administration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disseminated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) infections in infants with immunodeficiency

et al. 2017

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“…This was further complicated by problems in TB contact tracing due to frequent changes of location and use of bunk-style accommodation among temporary workers [9]. A study from the United Arab Emirates among migrants undergoing medical visa screening found that the TB prevalence among new applicants (first screening) was significantly higher (49.3 per 100 000) than among migrants who underwent repeat screening for visa renewal (25.2 per 100 000) [99]. Travel back to the country of origin was, however, not captured in the study and it is therefore not possible to determine whether the risk of TB decreased significantly despite return visits to the home country.…”

Section: Short-term Visitors and Those With Long-duration Multiple-enmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for tuberculosis in migrants and visitors from high-incidence settings: present and future perspectives

et al. 2018

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In most settings with a low incidence of tuberculosis (TB), foreign-born people make up the majority of TB cases, but the distribution of the TB risk among different migrant populations is often poorly quantified. In addition, screening practices for TB disease and latent TB infection (LTBI) vary widely. Addressing the risk of TB in international migrants is an essential component of TB prevention and care efforts in low-incidence countries, and strategies to systematically screen for, diagnose, treat and prevent TB among this group contribute to national and global TB elimination goals.This review provides an overview and critical assessment of TB screening practices that are focused on migrants and visitors from high to low TB incidence countries, including pre-migration screening and post-migration follow-up of those deemed to be at an increased risk of developing TB. We focus mainly on migrants who enter the destination country application for a long-stay visa, as well as asylum seekers and refugees, but briefly consider issues related to short-term visitors and those with long-duration multiple-entry visas. Issues related to the screening of children and screening for LTBI are also explored.

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“…Tuberculosis is a global public health problem. The results of the Al Hosani's study confirm this aspect: the prevalence of active TB between expatriate adult expatriates in the United Arab Emirates (about 39 per 100,000) is about 14 times higher than the estimated prevalence of tuberculosis in the native population [21]. According to the study by Gao and colleagues, China and in particular the Sichuan Province is one of the countries with the highest prevalence of tuberculosis, settling on 459 cases out of 100,000.…”

Section: Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 73%

Migrant Workers and Physical Health: an Umbrella Review

Mucci¹,

Traversini²,

Giorgi³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Migrants are mainly employed in "3D Jobs" dirty, dangerous, difficult, characterized by monotony, intense rhythms, in sectors at higher risk as construction, heavy industry, agriculture. Aim of this study is to elaborate a systematic review, in order to identify the main occupational risks and occupational diseases of this category. Research included articles published from 2013 to 2018 on the major online databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library and Scopus), using a combination of some keywords (migrant workers, expatriates, physical health, diseases, illnesses, travel, travelers, work and occupational). The online search indicated 1.109 references. We excluded 977 studies, because unrelated to physical health and 64 due to duplication. They were analyzed 68 articles, including 6 reviews and 62 original article. The main risk emerged are to developing infectious diseases, metabolic cardiovascular diseases and to manifesting a lower quality of life, in particular due to difficulties in accessing local health services. It will be crucial to implement the role of occupational medicine in order to introduce multilevel interventions designed to prevent work-related injuries and illnesses and to promote healthier working environments.

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Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among expatriates subjected to medical visa screening in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

Disseminated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) infections in infants with immunodeficiency

Disseminated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) infections in infants with immunodeficiency

Screening for tuberculosis in migrants and visitors from high-incidence settings: present and future perspectives

Migrant Workers and Physical Health: an Umbrella Review

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