<i>In Vitro</i>
            Activity of Retapamulin against Staphylococcus aureus Resistant to Various Antimicrobial Agents

Saravolatz, Louis D.; Pawlak, Joan; Saravolatz, Stephanie; Johnson, Leonard B.

doi:10.1128/aac.00282-13

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…There is very little published data on retapamulin resistance in S. aureus. Retapamulin resistance among mupirocin-resistant S. aureus has been previously shown to be Ͻ1% in the United Kingdom (15) and 2.6% among a general sample of MRSA in the United States (16). This is the first study in a pediatric population to investigate retapamulin resistance, finding a rate of 9.5% among S. aureus isolates causing SSTI, and it was more common among patients with recurrent infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Previous studies have documented cross-resistance between linezolid and pleuromutilins (14). In a survey of MRSA clinical isolates, Saravolatz et al (16) noted that retapamulin resistance was found only in isolates with concomitant linezolid resistance. In addition, the current study revealed a trend for retapamulin-resistant isolates to exhibit cross-resistance with mupirocin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Retapamulin is the only drug of the pleuromutilin class approved for use in humans for the topical treatment of minor SSTIs. Data on the prevalence of retapamulin resistance in clinical isolates of S. aureus are limited, with rates of resistance ranging from Ͻ1 to 2.6% (15,16). There is no information on this issue in a pediatric population.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Decreased Susceptibilities to Retapamulin, Mupirocin, and Chlorhexidine among Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Causing Skin and Soft Tissue Infections in Otherwise Healthy Children

McNeil

Hultén

Kaplan

et al. 2014

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Topical antimicrobial and antiseptic agents are commonly used in the management of minor skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). Resistance to mupirocin has been documented in Staphylococcus aureus isolates causing SSTIs. Data are limited, however, on the prevalence of retapamulin resistance or tolerance to antiseptics. We sought to determine the prevalence of decreased susceptibility to retapamulin and mupirocin as well as the potential for decreased chlorhexidine susceptibility of S. aureus isolates from SSTIs in children. Two hundred isolates from patients with a single SSTI and 200 isolates from patients with >3 previous episodes from the years 2010 to 2012 were selected from an S. aureus surveillance study. Screening for retapamulin resistance was performed by the broth macrodilution method; mupirocin MICs were determined by Etest. PCR was performed for the presence of the smr gene associated with elevated MICs/minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) to chlorhexidine. Among the isolates screened, 38 isolates (9.5%) exhibited retapamulin resistance, of which 22 (57.9%) were methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Two isolates (0.5%) displayed cross-resistance to retapamulin and linezolid. Thirty-nine isolates (9.8%) were found to have mupirocin resistance. smr-positive S. aureus accounted for 14% of isolates. The proportion of smr-positive organisms increased during the study (P ‫؍‬ 0.005). The prevalence of in vitro resistance to topical antimicrobials among S. aureus isolates causing SSTI in healthy children in our community is almost 10%. Retapamulin resistance was associated with cross-resistance to linezolid in 0.5% of isolates. In addition, there was an increase in the proportion of smr-positive isolates. Further research including clinical correlations with these findings is warranted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Decreased Susceptibilities to Retapamulin, Mupirocin, and Chlorhexidine among Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Causing Skin and Soft Tissue Infections in Otherwise Healthy Children

McNeil

Hultén

Kaplan

et al. 2014

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…The isolates chosen had previously determined MICs that ranged from 2 to 4 μ g ml −1 for LTX‐109 and 0·06 μ g ml −1 to more than 512 μ g ml −1 for mupirocin (Saravolatz et al . , ). The staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec typing of this group included six type II, three type IVa and one type IV.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postantibiotic effect and postantibiotic sub-MIC effect of LTX-109 and mupirocin on Staphylococcus aureus blood isolates

Saravolatz

Pawlak

Martin

et al. 2017

Lett Appl Microbiol

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Resistant bacterial infections continue to be a challenge for clinicians. Identification of antibiotics with pharmacodynamic advantages may be beneficial in the treatment of these infections. An antibiotic with a longer postantibiotic effect may be able to be administered less frequently resulting in improved adherence. In this study, a new synthetic antimicrobial peptide, LTX-109, demonstrated a more prolonged time for LTX-109 than mupirocin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

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“…At present, retapamulin is approved for treatment of impetigo due to MSSA or Streptococcus pyogenes . Retapamulin has demonstrated activity against S. aureus strains exhibiting resistance to methicillin and mupirocin as well as several other systemic antibiotics [162, 163, 166]. A Phase I/IIa randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated 3- and 5-day regimens of retapamulin (1%) ointment applied to the anterior nares twice daily in patients persistently colonized with S. aureus .…”

Section: Prevention Strategies: Decolonizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of Recurrent Staphylococcal Skin Infections

Creech

Al-Zubeidi

Fritz

2015

Infectious Disease Clinics of North America

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Synopsis Staphylococcus aureus infections pose a significant health burden. The emergence of community-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus has resulted in an epidemic of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI), and many patients experience recurrent SSTI. As S. aureus colonization is associated with subsequent infection, decolonization is recommended for patients with recurrent SSTI or in settings of ongoing transmission. S. aureus infections often cluster within households and asymptomatic carriers serve as reservoirs for transmission; therefore, a household approach to decolonization is more effective than measures performed by individuals alone. Other factors, such as environmental surface contamination, may also be considered. Novel strategies for the prevention of recurrent SSTI are needed.

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In Vitro Activity of Retapamulin against Staphylococcus aureus Resistant to Various Antimicrobial Agents

Cited by 17 publications

References 6 publications

Decreased Susceptibilities to Retapamulin, Mupirocin, and Chlorhexidine among Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Causing Skin and Soft Tissue Infections in Otherwise Healthy Children

Decreased Susceptibilities to Retapamulin, Mupirocin, and Chlorhexidine among Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Causing Skin and Soft Tissue Infections in Otherwise Healthy Children

Postantibiotic effect and postantibiotic sub-MIC effect of LTX-109 and mupirocin on Staphylococcus aureus blood isolates

Prevention of Recurrent Staphylococcal Skin Infections

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