Antioxidant nutrients and age-related cognitive decline: a systematic review of population-based cohort studies

Rafnsson, Snorri Björn; Dilis, Vardis; Trichopoulou, Antonia

doi:10.1007/s00394-013-0541-7

Cited by 54 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Recent systematic reviews of population-based cohort studies have found moderate evidence for a protective effect of antioxidant nutrients, including vitamin E, against cognitive decline in older people [169,170]. A slower rate of global cognitive decline over 3 years was found in persons in the highest quartile of intake of the most common three antioxidants, i.e., vitamins C, E, and carotenes [169]; moreover, dietary intakes of the same nutrients have been proposed to lower the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), with vitamin E exhibiting the most pronounced protective effects [170]. However, a systematic review based on eight cross-sectional and 13 longitudinal studies failed to confirm the beneficial role of habitual intakes of dietary antioxidants in reducing the risk for cognitive decline as well as for dementia and AD [171].…”

Section: α-Tocopherol Synaptic Plasticity and Cognitive Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

α-Tocopherol and Hippocampal Neural Plasticity in Physiological and Pathological Conditions

Ambrogini

Betti

Galati

et al. 2016

IJMS

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Neuroplasticity is an “umbrella term” referring to the complex, multifaceted physiological processes that mediate the ongoing structural and functional modifications occurring, at various time- and size-scales, in the ever-changing immature and adult brain, and that represent the basis for fundamental neurocognitive behavioral functions; in addition, maladaptive neuroplasticity plays a role in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric dysfunctions. Experiential cues and several endogenous and exogenous factors can regulate neuroplasticity; among these, vitamin E, and in particular α-tocopherol (α-T), the isoform with highest bioactivity, exerts potent effects on many plasticity-related events in both the physiological and pathological brain. In this review, the role of vitamin E/α-T in regulating diverse aspects of neuroplasticity is analyzed and discussed, focusing on the hippocampus, a brain structure that remains highly plastic throughout the lifespan and is involved in cognitive functions. Vitamin E-mediated influences on hippocampal synaptic plasticity and related cognitive behavior, on post-natal development and adult hippocampal neurogenesis, as well as on cellular and molecular disruptions in kainate-induced temporal seizures are described. Besides underscoring the relevance of its antioxidant properties, non-antioxidant functions of vitamin E/α-T, mainly involving regulation of cell signaling molecules and their target proteins, have been highlighted to help interpret the possible mechanisms underlying the effects on neuroplasticity.

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Section: α-Tocopherol Synaptic Plasticity and Cognitive Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

α-Tocopherol and Hippocampal Neural Plasticity in Physiological and Pathological Conditions

Ambrogini

Betti

Galati

et al. 2016

IJMS

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“…Increased oxidative stress in aging cells may be ameliorated with dietary supplementation of CoQ 10 [34]. Indeed, CoQ 10 has garnered great popularity as an antioxidant in moisturizers, anti-wrinkle and anti-aging skin care treatments [35–37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular factories for coenzyme Q10 production

et al. 2017

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Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), a benzoquinone present in most organisms, plays an important role in the electron-transport chain, and its deficiency is associated with various neuropathies and muscular disorders. CoQ10 is the only lipid-soluble antioxidant found in humans, and for this, it is gaining popularity in the cosmetic and healthcare industries. To meet the growing demand for CoQ10, there has been considerable interest in ways to enhance its production, the most effective of which remains microbial fermentation. Previous attempts to increase CoQ10 production to an industrial scale have thus far conformed to the strategies used in typical metabolic engineering endeavors. However, the emergence of new tools in the expanding field of synthetic biology has provided a suite of possibilities that extend beyond the traditional modes of metabolic engineering. In this review, we cover the various strategies currently undertaken to upscale CoQ10 production, and discuss some of the potential novel areas for future research.

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“…Deficiency of this vitamin, along with vitamin C and carotenoids, is associated with cognitive decline in the elderly 33 . Vitamin D, which is important not only in the bone health of the elderly 13 , but also associated with muscle strength, functional capacity 34 and prevention of chronic degenerative diseases 13 , was low in 2/3 of the diets.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of enteral homemade diets for elderly persons receiving home care and analysis of macro and micronutrient composition

Jansen

Generoso

Guedes

et al. 2017

Rev. bras. geriatr. gerontol.

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Objective: the development and analysis of the macro and micronutrient composition of homemade enteral diets. Method: A standard homemade enteral diet was developed at three caloric concentrations -1500, 1800 and 2100 Kcal. After preparation and testing of viscosity, stability, odor and color, plus evaluation of cost, the chemical composition of the nutrients of the diets were analytically determined. Folic acid, vitamin D and vitamin B12 values were calculated using chemical composition tables. The results were compared with recommended nutritional standards for the elderly. Result: The diets exhibited normal macronutrient distribution. The 1500 caloric level presented some mineral and vitamin deficiencies. Suitable values were obtained at the other caloric levels for all minerals except magnesium. There were appropriate levels of all the vitamins in the 2100 Kcal diet, while vitamin E, D and B6 levels were below the recommended dietary allowances in the 1800 Kcal diet. Conclusion: The standard homemade enteral diets studied can contribute to the food and nutritional safety of elderly persons undergoing home care, if all are supplemented with magnesium and the 1800 Kcal diet is supplemented with vitamin E, D and B6. The 1500 Kcal diet was not nutritionally safe in terms of micronutrients.

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Antioxidant nutrients and age-related cognitive decline: a systematic review of population-based cohort studies

Abstract: There is a possibility for protective effects of antioxidant nutrients against decline in cognition in older people although the supportive evidence is still limited in number. This association deserves further examination in additional quality investigations.

Cited by 54 publications

References 35 publications

α-Tocopherol and Hippocampal Neural Plasticity in Physiological and Pathological Conditions

α-Tocopherol and Hippocampal Neural Plasticity in Physiological and Pathological Conditions

Cellular factories for coenzyme Q10 production

Development of enteral homemade diets for elderly persons receiving home care and analysis of macro and micronutrient composition

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