Cat Scratch Disease Caused by Bartonella grahamii in an Immunocompromised Patient

Oksi, Jarmo; Rantala, Sari; Kilpinen, Sanna; Silvennoinen, Raija; Vornanen, Martine; Veikkolainen, Ville; Eerola, Erkki; Pulliainen, Arto T.

doi:10.1128/jcm.00910-13

Cited by 57 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…Rather most of the transmission we infer requires the transmission of Bartonella into a domestic or peridomestic animal, which can then transmit it to the human. Despite the noted host specificity of Bartonella (Table S1), the diversity of strains that infect humans and their distribution across the phylogenetic tree of Bartonella suggests that this bacterial genus can and will switch hosts when given the opportunity (especially when hosts are immunocompromised [29, 30]). The relative evolutionary lability of these genotypes is further underscored by the instances in the global phylogeny of genotypes being exchanged between bats and rodents (at least five times).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global fingerprint of humans on the distribution ofBartonellabacteria in mammals

Frank

Hadly

2018

Preprint

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18As humans alter habitats and move themselves and their commensal animals around the 19 globe they change the disease risk for themselves, their commensal animals and wildlife. 20Bartonella bacteria are prevalent in many mammalian taxa, responsible for numerous human 21 infections and presumed to be an important emerging group of zoonoses. Understanding how this 22 genus has evolved and passed between host taxa in the past can reveal not only how current 23 patterns were established but identify potential mechanisms for future cross-species 24 transmission. We analyzed patterns of Bartonella transmission and likely sources of spillover 25 using the largest collection of Bartonella gltA genotypes assembled, 860 unique genotypes of 26 Bartonella globally. We provide support for the hypothesis that this pathogenic genus originated 27 as an environmental bacterium before becoming an insect commensal and finally vertebrate 28 pathogen. We show that rodents and domestic animals serve as the reservoirs or at least key 29 proximate host for most Bartonella genotypes in humans. We also find evidence of exchange of 30Bartonella between domestic animals and wildlife and between domestic animals, likely due to 31 increased contact between all groups. Bartonella is a useful infection for tracing potential 32 zoonoses and demonstrates another major impact of humans on the planet. Care should be taken 33 to avoid contact between humans, domestic animals and wildlife to protect the health of all. 34 35 Introduction 36

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global fingerprint of humans on the distribution ofBartonellabacteria in mammals

Frank

Hadly

2018

Preprint

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“…and variants have been implicated as the causative agents of human clinical manifestations, including endocarditis (Daly et al 1993, Fenollar et al 2005, myocarditis , fever and neurologic disorders (Welch et al 1999), intraocular neuroretinitis (Kerkhoff et al 1999), meningitis (Probert et al 2009), splenomegaly (Eremeeva et al 2007), and lymphadenopathy (Oksi et al 2013). These findings make rodents and their fleas a relevant natural system for the study of ecological pathways of vector-borne pathogens and emerging diseases of human importance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BartonellaInfection in Rodents and Their Flea Ectoparasites: An Overview

Gutiérrez

Krasnov

Morick

et al. 2015

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

129

165

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Epidemiological studies worldwide have reported a high prevalence and a great diversity of Bartonella species, both in rodents and their flea parasites. The interaction among Bartonella, wild rodents, and fleas reflects a high degree of adaptation among these organisms. Vertical and horizontal efficient Bartonella transmission pathways within flea communities and from fleas to rodents have been documented in competence studies, suggesting that fleas are key players in the transmission of Bartonella to rodents. Exploration of the ecological traits of rodents and their fleas may shed light on the mechanisms used by bartonellae to become established in these organisms. The present review explores the interrelations within the Bartonella-rodent-flea system. The role of the latter two components is emphasized.

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“…Among these, B. elizabethae (6), B. grahamii (7), B. tribocorum (8), Bartonella vinsonii subsp. arupensis (9), B. washoensis (10), B. rochalimae (11), and B. doshiae (12) have been implicated in human illnesses.…”

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Association of Bartonella Species with Wild and Synanthropic Rodents in Different Brazilian Biomes

Gonçalves

Favacho

Roque

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Bartonella spp. comprise an ecologically successful group of microorganisms that infect erythrocytes and have adapted to different hosts, which include a wide range of mammals, besides humans. Rodents are reservoirs of about two-thirds of Bartonella spp. described to date; and some of them have been implicated as causative agents of human diseases. In our study, we performed molecular and phylogenetic analyses of Bartonella spp. infecting wild rodents from five different Brazilian biomes. In order to characterize the genetic diversity of Bartonella spp., we performed a robust analysis based on three target genes, followed by sequencing, Bayesian inference, and maximum likelihood analysis. Bartonella spp. were detected in 25.6% (117/457) of rodent spleen samples analyzed, and this occurrence varied among different biomes. The diversity analysis of gltA sequences showed the presence of 15 different haplotypes. Analysis of the phylogenetic relationship of gltA sequences performed by Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood showed that the Bartonella species detected in rodents from Brazil was closely related to the phylogenetic group A detected in other cricetid rodents from North America, probably constituting only one species. Last, the Bartonella species genogroup identified in the present study formed a monophyletic group that included Bartonella samples from seven different rodent species distributed in three distinct biomes. In conclusion, our study showed that the occurrence of Bartonella bacteria in rodents is much more frequent and widespread than previously recognized. IMPORTANCEIn the present study, we reported the occurrence of Bartonella spp. in some sites in Brazil. The identification and understanding of the distribution of this important group of bacteria may allow the Brazilian authorities to recognize potential regions with the risk of transmission of these pathogens among wild and domestic animals and humans. In addition, our study accessed important gaps in the biology of this group of bacteria in Brazil, such as its low host specificity, high genetic diversity, and relationship with other Bartonella spp. detected in rodents trapped in America. Considering the diversity of newly discovered Bartonella species and the great ecological plasticity of these bacteria, new studies with the aim of revealing the biological aspects unknown until now are needed and must be performed around the world. In this context, the impact of Bartonella spp. associated with rodents in human health should be assessed in future studies.

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Cat Scratch Disease Caused by Bartonella grahamii in an Immunocompromised Patient

Cited by 57 publications

References 19 publications

Global fingerprint of humans on the distribution ofBartonellabacteria in mammals

Global fingerprint of humans on the distribution ofBartonellabacteria in mammals

BartonellaInfection in Rodents and Their Flea Ectoparasites: An Overview

Association of Bartonella Species with Wild and Synanthropic Rodents in Different Brazilian Biomes

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