Pickering-type stabilized nanoparticles by heterophase polymerization

Abstract

The preparation of nanoparticles in a soap-free system is highly attractive, as surfactants may influence and deteriorate subsequent applications. Thereby, the assembly of solid particles on droplets/particles is well known as Pickering-type stabilization. The resulting hybrid nanocomposites offer in general a rough surface and are highly intriguing for potential drug delivery systems, coating applications, and so forth. This review highlights developments in production and application of Pickering-type nanoparticles synthesized via heterophase polymerization techniques in emulsion, miniemulsion, dispersion, and suspension. We will focus our discussion on systems, wherein stabilization of the final nanometer-sized hybrids is exclusively accomplished via particle stabilizers. In case surfactants are used during preparation, they only serve as pre-treating agents to modify the surface properties of the particle stabilizer, and not being employed for the purpose of droplet/particle stabilization.

A mechanistic investigation of Pickering emulsion polymerization

“…Since then Pickering hetero-phase polymerization has been developed further and now includes mini-emulsion, [16][17][18] dispersion 19,20 and emulsion polymerization processes, [21][22][23][24][25][26][27] using a variety of monomers and with a range of fillers, such as silica, laponite clay, magnetite, titanium dioxide, graphene oxide. 28 One driver for the development of heterogeneous Pickering polymerization processes is that they do not require molecular surfactants, offering a big advantage to the paint industry as surfactant migration often deteriorates the performance of coatings. 29 In particular, Pickering emulsion polymerization is an attractive synthetic route to fabricate hybrid armoured particles of submicron size.…”

Controllable synthesis of raspberry-like PS–SiO2 nanocomposite particles via Pickering emulsion polymerization

“…31 Typically, the single-particle wetting properties at the uid interfaces hold the key to forming particle-stabilized Pickering emulsion. The contact angle of the interface with the solid particles at 90 is the optimum stabilization condition of the Pickering emulsion system.…”

Molecular imprinting in particle-stabilized emulsions: enlarging template size from small molecules to proteins and cells

“…Similar to the traditional suspension polymerization based on surfactant-stabilized emulsions, Pickering emulsion polymerization can be used to prepare polymer beads that are decorated on their surface with the stabilizing particles. In fact different organic/inorganic composite microspheres have been synthesized using Pickering emulsion polymerization [21].…”