Renal Function Following Three Distinct Weight Loss Dietary Strategies During 2 Years of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Tirosh, Amir; Golan, Rachel; Harman-Boehm, Ilana; Henkin, Yaakov; Schwarzfuchs, Dan; Rudich, Assaf; Kovsan, Julia; Fiedler, Georg Martin; Blüher, Matthias; Stümvoll, Michael; Thiery, Joachim; Stampfer, Meir J.; Shai, Iris

doi:10.2337/dc12-1846

Cited by 102 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…Although it is well accepted that a high-protein diet may be detrimental to individuals with existing kidney dysfunction, there is little evidence that high protein intake is dangerous for healthy individuals 31 . Based on the current evidence, CRD interventions do not seem to impair organic functions in obese subjects, even over a two-year period 32 . But further research is needed to confirm their safety over a longer term and with broader study populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined effects of resistance training and carbohydrate-restrictive or conventional diets on weight loss, blood variables and endothelium function

Meirelles

Gomes

2016

Rev. Nutr.

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Objective: To compare the effects of either a carbohydrate-restrictive diets or a conventional hypoenergetic diet combined with resistance training. Methods: Twenty-one overweight and obese adults participated in an eight-week program consisting of progressive resistance training combined with carbohydrate-restrictive diets (initially set at <30 g carbohydrate; n=12) or conventional hypoenergetic diet (30% energetic restriction; carbohydrate/protein/lipid: 51/18/31% of total energy consumption; n=9). It was hypothesized that the carbohydrate-restrictive diets would induce greater weight loss but that both diets would elicit similar effects on selected health markers. Body mass, and body composition, blood variables and flow-mediated brachial artery dilation (flow-mediated brachial artery dilation; by ultrasound) were used to assess changes due to the interventions. Results: Significant within-group reductions in body mass (-5.4±3.5%; p=0.001 versus -3.7±3.0%; p=0.015) and body fat (body fat; -10.2±7.0%; p=0.005 versus -9.6±8.8%; p=0.017) were identified for carbohydrate-restrictive diets and conventional hypoenergetic diet, respectively, but there were no significant differences between groups as the result of the interventions. Fat free mass, blood variables and flow-mediated brachial artery dilation did not significantly change, except for the total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein ratio, which was reduced 10.4±16.9% in carbohydrate-restrictive diets (p=0.037) and 0.5±11.3% in conventional hypoenergetic diet (p=0.398). Conclusion: Carbohydrate-restrictive diets associated with resistance training was as effective as conventional hypoenergetic diet in decreasing body mass and body fat, as well as maintaining fat free mass, blood variables and flow-mediated brachial artery dilation, however it was more effective at lowering the total cholesterol/low density lipoprotein ratio.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined effects of resistance training and carbohydrate-restrictive or conventional diets on weight loss, blood variables and endothelium function

Meirelles

Gomes

2016

Rev. Nutr.

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“…Weight loss generates multiple health benefits including reduction of blood pressure, blood glucose, and inflammation, as well as improvement of the lipid profile [7]. A two year randomized study addressed the long-term effects of the low carbohydrate, low fat and Mediterranean diets on renal function [8]. Participants with CKD stage 3 improved eGFR by 10% on the low carbohydrate diet, compared to 6% on the Mediterranean diet and 5.4% on the low fat diet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low Carbohydrate Diet Effective in the Treatment of Obese or Diabetic Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Gann¹

2015

JDMDC

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Aim: Diet of Hope Institute specializes in the treatment of obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome. In 2011, a patient being treated at our clinic improved estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from 46 to 80. The patient was obese, hypertensive and diabetic. She lost 10% of her body weight and was able to stop her diabetic and blood pressure medications. This finding prompted the Institute to collect data regarding the frequency of kidney disease in the clinic's patient population and evaluate its response to our disease management program which emphasizes a low carbohydrate and normal protein diet. Methods:Of five hundred consecutive patients referred to the program, thirty-three patients (6.6%) carried the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease as established by their nephrologist. These patients were supervised for an average of 6.3 months during 2013 and 2014 and data were collected at that time. Statistical analysis was subsequently performed in January 2015. Carbohydrates were restricted to berries and non-starchy vegetables. Daily protein intake was calculated at 0.5gm per pound of body weight up to a maximum of 120gm. Results:In a population of thirty-three patients diagnosed with chronic kidney disease, eGFR increased by an average of 25.5%, serum creatinine decreased by an average of 13.7% and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) decreased by an average of 9.1%.Average weight loss was 23.8 pounds or 10.2% of body weight. Conclusion:A low carbohydrate and normal protein diet can be effective in improving renal function in obese, hypertensive, and diabetic patients.

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“…35 Potential improvement is likely to be mediated by weight loss-induced improvements in insulin sensitivity and blood pressure. For LCD for a year, patients with stage 1-3 renal disease had an improvement in renal function, whereas patients with hyperfiltration had a decrease in the GFR.…”

Section: -34mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Uric Acid and Cystatin C on Low-Carbohydrate Diet (LCD)

Bando¹,

Ebe²,

Muneta³

et al. 2017

Diabetes Res Open J

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Background: As to nutritional therapy, continuous discussions were observed concerning calorie restriction (CR) and low-carbohydrate diet (LCD). Authors and colleagues have applied LCD for lots of diabetic patients and reported the detail relationship with ketone bodies and Morbus (M) value. Methods: Ninety-three patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were considered as subjects in the study, among which 51 were male and 52 were female, 58.3±13.2 years old on average, 60 years old in median. Methods were as follows: 1) patients were admitted and provided formular diet, which included CR diet (60% carbohydrates, 1400 kcal/day) on day 1-2, and LCD (12% carbohydrate, 1400 kcal/day) on day 3-14; 2) several biomarkers on fasting were measured on day 2, 4 and 14; 3) daily profile of blood glucose were done on day 2 and day 4. Results: According to the M-value, subjects were classified into 4 groups, which were less than 25, 26-100, 101-250, more than 251, and number was 24, 24, 24, 21, respectively. The average HbA1c in 4 groups were 6.6%, 7.4%, 8.5% and 9.5% respectively. The median M-values decreased from day 2 to 4, which were 10.4 to 9.1, 53.5 to 7.7, 150 to 19.1 and 438 to 87, respectively. The average uric acid in each group revealed significant increase from day 2 to day 14. There were significant correlation between uric acid increment and creatinine increment, and among creatinine, creatinine clearance (CCr) and Cystatin C. Conclusion: LCD showed efficacy for glucose variability with significant decrease in glucose and M-value. Renal study showed increase of serum uric acid. In addition to correlations of Cystatin C and biomarkers, current results would be from some dehydrated state and/or relative decrease of total calorie intake. These findings would become the fundamental data of efficacy of LCD and its physiological influences for renal function.

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Renal Function Following Three Distinct Weight Loss Dietary Strategies During 2 Years of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Cited by 102 publications

References 37 publications

Combined effects of resistance training and carbohydrate-restrictive or conventional diets on weight loss, blood variables and endothelium function

Combined effects of resistance training and carbohydrate-restrictive or conventional diets on weight loss, blood variables and endothelium function

A Low Carbohydrate Diet Effective in the Treatment of Obese or Diabetic Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Investigation of Uric Acid and Cystatin C on Low-Carbohydrate Diet (LCD)

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