Evolution of bubbles from gas micronuclei formed on the luminal aspect of ovine large blood vessels

Arieli, Ran; Marmur, Abraham

doi:10.1016/j.resp.2013.04.013

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…After the first 30 min of photography, the battery and memory card were replaced and photography was resumed for the second 30 min. The 1-h sampling time was chosen because we found previously that after an hour the rate of bubble production began to drop (Arieli and Marmur, 2013b). At the end of the 1 h of photography, the slides with the tissues were removed and photographed against graph paper for later scaling.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of flow was studied by recirculating the supersaturated saline to produce horizontal, pulsatile flow over the stretched blood vessel. We have previously demonstrated both local hydrophobicity (Arieli and Marmur, 2014) and bubble production from active spots in large blood vessels of the sheep (Arieli and Marmur, 2013b); however, hydrophobicity was not proved for the active spots. This was now done by staining the blood vessel for lipids after the location of active spots by observing their bubble production, and the search for a match between lipid staining and the active spots.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…We have also shown that hydrophobicity on the luminal aspect of ovine large blood vessels, the aorta (AO), pulmonary artery and vein (PA, PV), superior vena cava (VC) and right and left atrium, may be the source of bubble nucleation and growth following decompression of a stretched blood vessel under saline (Arieli and Marmur, 2013b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bubble size on detachment from the luminal aspect of ovine large blood vessels after decompression: The effect of mechanical disturbance

Arieli

Marmur

2015

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Bubble size on detachment from the luminal aspect of ovine large blood vessels after decompression: The effect of mechanical disturbance

Arieli

Marmur

2015

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology

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“…Preferential gas adsorption may hence constitute an initial step for subsequent bubble formation. The inner surfaces of blood vessels are hydrophobic 27 , and were suggested to serves as sites for gas micronuclei during bubble formation on decompression 26,28 . The current study highlights the possibility of adsorption and accumulation of nitrogen and/or oxygen molecules on the inner surfaces of blood vessels; the effects of this adsorption on biological functions should be investigated in future studies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Resolution Characterization of Preferential Gas Adsorption at the Graphene–Water Interface

Hsu

Yang

et al. 2016

Langmuir

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The contact of water with graphene is of fundamental importance and of great interest for numerous promising applications, but how graphene interacts with water remains unclear. Here we used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to investigate hydrophilic mica substrates with some regions covered by mechanically exfoliated graphene layers in water. In water containing air gas close to the saturation concentration (within ∼40%), cap-shaped nanostructures (or interfacial nanobubbles) and ordered-stripe domains were observed on graphene-covered regions but not on pure mica regions. These structures did not appear on graphene when samples were immersed in highly degassed water, indicating that their formation was caused by the adsorption of gas dissolved in water. Thus, atomically thin graphene, even at a narrow width of 20 nm, changes the local surface chemistry of a highly hydrophilic substrate. Furthermore, surface hydrophobicity significantly affects gas adsorption, which has broad implications for diverse phenomena in water.

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“…The combination of the early findings of Hills and our experiments on silicon wafers provided the impetus for our study of ovine blood vessels (Arieli and Marmur, 2013b , 2014 , 2016 ; Arieli et al, 2015 , 2016 ). The findings from these investigations eventually led us to propose a new physiological model for designing decompression procedures (Arieli and Marmur, 2017 ).…”

Section: Active Hydrophobic Spots (Ahs) On the Luminal Aspect Of Bloomentioning

confidence: 77%

Nanobubbles Form at Active Hydrophobic Spots on the Luminal Aspect of Blood Vessels: Consequences for Decompression Illness in Diving and Possible Implications for Autoimmune Disease—An Overview

Arieli

2017

Front. Physiol.

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Decompression illness (DCI) occurs following a reduction in ambient pressure. Decompression bubbles can expand and develop only from pre-existing gas micronuclei. The different hypotheses hitherto proposed regarding the nucleation and stabilization of gas micronuclei have never been validated. It is known that nanobubbles form spontaneously when a smooth hydrophobic surface is submerged in water containing dissolved gas. These nanobubbles may be the long sought-after gas micronuclei underlying decompression bubbles and DCI. We exposed hydrophobic and hydrophilic silicon wafers under water to hyperbaric pressure. After decompression, bubbles appeared on the hydrophobic but not the hydrophilic wafers. In a further series of experiments, we placed large ovine blood vessels in a cooled high pressure chamber at 1,000 kPa for about 20 h. Bubbles evolved at definite spots in all the types of blood vessels. These bubble-producing spots stained positive for lipids, and were henceforth termed “active hydrophobic spots” (AHS). The lung surfactant dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), was found both in the plasma of the sheep and at the AHS. Bubbles detached from the blood vessel in pulsatile flow after reaching a mean diameter of ~1.0 mm. Bubble expansion was bi-phasic—a slow initiation phase which peaked 45 min after decompression, followed by fast diffusion-controlled growth. Many features of decompression from diving correlate with this finding of AHS on the blood vessels. (1) Variability between bubblers and non-bubblers. (2) An age-related effect and adaptation. (3) The increased risk of DCI on a second dive. (4) Symptoms of neurologic decompression sickness. (5) Preconditioning before a dive. (6) A bi-phasic mechanism of bubble expansion. (7) Increased bubble formation with depth. (8) Endothelial injury. (9) The presence of endothelial microparticles. Finally, constant contact between nanobubbles and plasma may result in distortion of proteins and their transformation into autoantigens.

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Evolution of bubbles from gas micronuclei formed on the luminal aspect of ovine large blood vessels

Cited by 15 publications

References 17 publications

Bubble size on detachment from the luminal aspect of ovine large blood vessels after decompression: The effect of mechanical disturbance

Bubble size on detachment from the luminal aspect of ovine large blood vessels after decompression: The effect of mechanical disturbance

High-Resolution Characterization of Preferential Gas Adsorption at the Graphene–Water Interface

Nanobubbles Form at Active Hydrophobic Spots on the Luminal Aspect of Blood Vessels: Consequences for Decompression Illness in Diving and Possible Implications for Autoimmune Disease—An Overview

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