Distribution of peanut protein in the home environment

Brough, Helen A.; Makinson, Kerry; Penagos, Martín; Maleki, Soheila J.; Cheng, Hsiaopo; Douiri, Abdel; Stephens, Alick; Turcanu, Victor; Lack, Gideon

doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2013.02.035

Cited by 85 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…To date many studies examine the allergen content in ambient air particulate matter by extracting the respective allergen and subsequent quantification with ELISA 5,[12][13][14]17 . There is a fundamental difference between the procedure described here and the quantification with ELISA: ELISA quantifies the extracted and dissolved antigen, while flow cytometry analyzes the particle-bound antigen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Particle-bound Bet v 1 Allergen in PM10

Süring

Bach

Höflich

et al. 2016

JoVE

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Flow cytometry is a method widely used to quantify suspended solids such as cells or bacteria in a size range from 0.5 to several tens of micrometers in diameter. In addition to a characterization of forward and sideward scatter properties, it enables the use of fluorescent labeled markers like antibodies to detect respective structures. Using indirect antibody staining, flow cytometry is employed here to quantify birch pollen allergen (precisely Bet v 1)-loaded particles of 0.5 to 10 µm in diameter in inhalable particulate matter (PM10, particle size ≤10 µm in diameter). PM10 particles may act as carriers of adsorbed allergens possibly transporting them to the lower respiratory tract, where they could trigger allergic reactions.So far the allergen content of PM10 has been studied by means of enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and scanning electron microscopy. ELISA measures the dissolved and not the particle-bound allergen. Compared to scanning electron microscopy, which can visualize allergen-loaded particles, flow cytometry may additionally quantify them. As allergen content of ambient air can deviate from birch pollen count, allergic symptoms might perhaps correlate better with allergen exposure than with pollen count. In conjunction with clinical data, the presented method offers the opportunity to test in future experiments whether allergic reactions to birch pollen antigens are associated with the Bet v 1 allergen content of PM10 particles >0.5 µm.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Particle-bound Bet v 1 Allergen in PM10

Süring

Bach

Höflich

et al. 2016

JoVE

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“…Adherence was monitored with the use of food-frequency questionnaires during the study and was corroborated at the end of the study through the measurement of peanut in bed dust, an objective and previously validated surrogate for consumption. 23,24 The main weakness of the study was the lack of a placebo regimen, a problem that was partially mitigated by the use of objective peanut challenges as the primary outcome. In addition, the study did not include low-risk infants and those who had large wheals (>4 mm in diameter) after the skin-prick test.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some families agreed to have peanut protein levels measured in dust collected from the participant's bed 2 to 4 weeks before the final visit. 23,24 Clinical assessments were undertaken at baseline (when participants were between 4 months and 11 months of age) and at the ages of 12, 30, and 60 months; between-visit scheduled telephone consultations were conducted weekly until participants reached 12 months of age, every 2 weeks from 12 months to 30 months of age, and monthly thereafter. Additional clinic visits were scheduled to evaluate aversion to peanut or refusal to eat peanut (Bamba or peanut butter) or suspected peanut allergy.…”

Section: Enrollment and Study Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Randomized Trial of Peanut Consumption in Infants at Risk for Peanut Allergy

Chipps¹

2015

Pediatrics

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“…In this study, we chose to expose intact skin to peanut allergens through applications not exceeding 40 min in a non-occlusive manner. These applications correspond more closely to the exposure that a healthy infant might experience in the home environment, at school or in a nursery [33]. As respiratory exposure to food proteins can also induce Th2 responses [5,16], we also assessed the effect of intra-nasal administration of peanut allergens on unaltered epithelium and without the use of adjuvant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concerning cutaneous exposure, the threshold was far higher and needed at least 1,000 µg of peanut proteins per application. These doses correlate with reality, as the presence of peanut allergens in the home environment is estimated to be around 5 µg/g of dust and up to 330.9 µg/m 3 in the air during peanut de-shelling [33,38,39]. Furthermore, peanut allergens are persistent in the environment [40,41]; Ara h 1 is persistent for at least 110 days on a table where peanut butter has been applied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous or Respiratory Exposures to Peanut Allergens in Mice and Their Impacts on Subsequent Oral Exposure

Wavrin

Bernard

Wal

et al. 2014

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background: Recent data suggested that non-gastrointestinal exposure can lead to sensitisation to food allergens. We thus assessed the immune impact of respiratory or cutaneous exposure to peanut proteins on non-altered epithelium and investigated the effect of such pre-exposure on subsequent oral administration of peanut. Methods: BALB/cJmice were exposed to purified Ara h 1 or to a non-defatted roasted peanut extract (PE) by simple deposit of allergens solutions on non-altered skin or in the nostrils. Exposures were performed 6 times at weekly intervals. Pre-exposed mice then received intra-gastric administrations of PE alone or in the presence of the Th2 mucosal adjuvant cholera toxin (CT). The specific humoral and cellular immune response was assessed throughout the protocol. Results: Bothcutaneous and respiratory exposures led to the production of specific IgG1. Local and systemic IL-5 and IL-13 production were also evidenced, demonstrating activation of specific Th2 cells. This effect was dose-dependent and most efficient via the respiratory route. Moreover, these pre-exposures led to the production of specific IgE antibodies after gavage with PE, whatever the presence of CT. Conclusions: Cutaneous or respiratory exposures to peanut induce Th2 priming in mice. Moreover, pre-exposures promote further sensitisation via the oral route without the use of CT; this proposes a new adjuvant-free experimental model of sensitisation to food that may reflect a realistic exposure pattern in infants. These results also suggest that non-gastrointestinal peanut exposure should be minimised in high-risk infants, even those with non-altered skin, to potentially reduce allergic sensitisation to this major food allergen.

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Distribution of peanut protein in the home environment

Cited by 85 publications

References 23 publications

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Particle-bound Bet v 1 Allergen in PM10

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Particle-bound Bet v 1 Allergen in PM10

Randomized Trial of Peanut Consumption in Infants at Risk for Peanut Allergy

Cutaneous or Respiratory Exposures to Peanut Allergens in Mice and Their Impacts on Subsequent Oral Exposure

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