Environmentally safe treatment of black liquor with Comamonas sp. B‐9 under high‐alkaline conditions

Abstract

The strain Comamonas sp. B-9 was isolated from steeping fluid of erosive bamboo slips derived from Kingdom Wu during the Three-Kingdoms Dynasty of ancient China (A.D. 220-280). It could be used to treat black liquor (BL) with high-alkaline pH and with an initial chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 18,000-25,000 mg L(-1) , without the addition of other carbon and nitrogen sources. The results revealed that Comamonas sp. B-9 was capable of reducing the COD, color, and lignin content of BL by up to 56.8, 35.3, and 43.5%, respectively. High levels of laccase, manganese peroxidase, cellulase, and xylanase enzymatic activities were also observed, and these enzymes could play an important role in the biotreatment of BL. Further, GC-MS analysis showed that most of the compounds detected in BL after biotreatment with Comamonas sp. B-9 were diminished, while 4-methyl benzaldehyde, 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid ethyl ester, and 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy benzaldehyde were produced as metabolites. The presented results indicate that Comamonas sp. B-9 has potential application for the treatment of wastewaters from pulp and paper processing with high COD load under high-alkaline conditions.

Kraft Lignin Biodegradation by Dysgonomonas sp. WJDL-Y1, a New Anaerobic Bacterial Strain Isolated from Sludge of a Pulp and Paper Mill

“…Ethylvanillin, acetosyringone, and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde could not be detected after incubation. Consistent with other studies [15,16,27,42], lignin degradation generated more acid-type compounds than aldehyde and ketone-type molecules. Specifically, ferulic acid and vanillic acid were detected in the extract of the KL degradation products in this research, which means that strain WJDL-Y1 has application potential in the food additive and preservative production areas.…”

Characterization of Two Marine Lignin-Degrading Consortia and the Potential Microbial Lignin Degradation Network in Nearshore Regions

“…Furthermore, both consortia have shown the ability to secrete more than one ligninolytic enzyme, indicating that bacterial consortia are probably more effective compared to other studies using single isolates. For instance, the Lac and MnP activities in this study were found at least 150- and 400-fold higher than those reported in single bacteria isolates, respectively ( 41 , 42 ). The maximum degradation rates of single bacterial isolates reported in their studies were also lower than those of consortium LIG-B.…”

“…The organic layer was collected and concentrated to 1 mL using a vacuum rotary evaporator at 40°C. Anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 was added to remove any remaining water molecules ( 42 , 58 ). Extracts were then filtered through Whatman No.…”

Phylogenetic organization in the assimilation of chemically distinct substrates by soil bacteria

“…However, the mechaisms of cellulose decomposition differ among these families. Cytophagaceae have novel enzymes for cellulose digestion (Xie et al ., 2007) that are membrane bound (McBride et al ., 2014), unlike members of Comomonadaceae which secrete cellulases and xylanases into solution (Zheng et al ., 2014). These distinct mechanisms could reflect convergent evolution, explaining the comparatively weak phylogenetic organization we observed for assimilation of cellulose (Fig.…”