Characterization and control of the electronic properties of a NiO based dye sensitized photocathode

Hod, Idan; Tachan, Zion; Shalom, Menny; Zaban, Arie

doi:10.1039/c3cp50242b

Cited by 27 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…P-type dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs)12345678910 have attracted intensive interest in the community due to the potential applications in tandem devices1112 with n-type DSCs13 as well as in the artificial photosynthesis systems1415. So far, the highest efficiency of p-type dye-sensitized solar cells is 1.3% obtained by the combination between an organic dye and a cobalt redox couple16.…”

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confidence: 99%

Enhancement of p-Type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Performance by Supramolecular Assembly of Electron Donor and Acceptor

Tian

Oscarsson

Gabrielsson

et al. 2014

Sci Rep

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Supramolecular interactions based on porphyrin and fullerene derivatives were successfully adopted to improve the photovoltaic performance of p-type dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). Photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) measurements suggest a change in binding configuration of ZnTCPP after co-sensitization with C60PPy, which could be ascribed to supramolecular interaction between ZnTCPP and C60PPy. The performance of the ZnTCPP/C60PPy-based p-type DSC has been increased by a factor of 4 in comparison with the DSC with the ZnTCPP alone. At 560 nm, the IPCE value of DSCs based on ZnTCPP/ C60PPy was a factor of 10 greater than that generated by ZnTCPP-based DSCs. The influence of different electrolytes on charge extraction and electron lifetime was investigated and showed that the enhanced V oc from the Co 21/31 (dtbp) 3 -based device is due to the positive E F shift of NiO. P-type dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) 1-10 have attracted intensive interest in the community due to the potential applications in tandem devices 11,12 with n-type DSCs 13 as well as in the artificial photosynthesis systems 14,15 . So far, the highest efficiency of p-type dye-sensitized solar cells is 1.3% obtained by the combination between an organic dye and a cobalt redox couple 16 . In DSCs, the photosensitizer is always one of the crucial components of the devices. To date, some organic as well as inorganic photosensitizers have been developed for p-type DSCs [2][3][4][5]12,[17][18][19][20][21] . In order to improve the photovoltaic properties of p-type DSCs, the recombination process between injected holes in the valence band (VB) of the p-type semiconductor and reduced photosensitizer should be inhibited as much as possible 4 . This problem can be addressed by judicious design of the photosensitizer, including extension of the conjugated system to increase the distance between the electron acceptor unit and the p-type semiconductor surface. This synthetic approach has been shown to provide a longer lifetime of the charge separated state 12,22 . Recently, a porphyrin dye showed a promising device efficiency up to 11%, a comparable efficiency to classic Ru photosensitizers that are ubiquitous in n-type DSC 23. These two points were the main motivations for using porphyrin dyes in p-type DSCs. Lindquist and co-workers adopted the mesotetra(carboxyphenyl) porphyrin (TCPP) for p-type DSCs in 1999 24 . However, at that moment the efficiency of the p-type DSCs based on this porphyrin dye was very unsatisfying, around 0.003%, with the highest incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) value of 0.24% at 540 nm. The poor photovoltaic properties were probably due to the fast hole recombination processes and the quality of the NiO films. Inspired by previous examples of supramolecular interaction between porphyrin and C60 and the fast charge transfer process from porphyrin to C60 derivatives [25][26][27][28][29] , a C60 derivative, N-methyl-2-(49-pyridyl)-3,4-fulleropyrrolidine (C60PPy) was adopted to carry out the formation of the supr...

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confidence: 99%

Enhancement of p-Type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Performance by Supramolecular Assembly of Electron Donor and Acceptor

Tian

Oscarsson

Gabrielsson

et al. 2014

Sci Rep

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“…Intensity-Modulated Photocurrent Spectroscopy (IMPS) Measurements EIS and IMPS measurements were carried out on a ModuLab ® XM PhotoEchem photoelectrochemical measurement system (Solartron Metrology Ltd., Leicester, UK). The impedance was measured around the open-circuit potential of the cell at different light intensities (590 nm) in the frequency range 0.05 Hz to 400 kHz [29] using an amplitude of 10 mV. The impedance data were analysed using ZView ® software (Scribner Associates Inc., Southern Pines, NC, USA).…”

Section: Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (Eis) Open-circuit Pmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Phosphonic Acid Anchoring Analogue of the Sensitizer P1 for p-Type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Klein¹,

Marinakis²,

Constable³

et al. 2018

Crystals

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We report the synthesis and characterization of the first example of an organic dye, PP1, for p-type dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) bearing a phosphonic acid anchoring group. PP1 is structurally related to the benchmarking dye, P1, which possesses a carboxylic acid anchor. The solution absorption spectra of PP1 and P1 are similar (PP1 has λmax = 478 nm and εmax = 62,800 dm3 mol−1 cm−1), as are the solid-state absorption spectra of the dyes adsorbed on FTO/NiO electrodes. p-Type DSCs with NiO as semiconductor and sensitized with P1 or PP1 perform comparably. For PP1, short-circuit current densities (JSC) and open-circuit voltages (VOC) for five DSCs lie between 1.11 and 1.45 mA cm−2, and 119 and 143 mV, respectively, compared to ranges of 1.55–1.80 mA cm−2 and 117–130 mV for P1. Photoconversion efficiencies with PP1 are in the range 0.054–0.069%, compared to 0.065–0.079% for P1. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, open-circuit photovoltage decay and intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy have been used to compare DSCs with P1 and PP1 in detail.

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“…Nickel oxide (NiO) is a wide band gap p-type semiconductor which is studied in a large range of applications, such as electrochromic coatings [1,2], new generation solar cells [3,4], gas sensors [5,6] or light-emitting diodes [7], due to its remarkable chemical stability, unique opto-electronic and magnetic properties. The p-type conductivity property is attributed to the presence of Ni vacancies and from here comes the notation Ni1-xO (in addition described as NiOy when oxygen interstitials are considered as the main defects [8]), where x < 10 -3 [9,10], the defects being the expression of a departure from stoichiometry as function of oxygen partial pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Straightforward prediction of the Ni_1−xO layers stoichiometry by using optical and electrochemical measurements

Manceriu¹,

Colson²,

Maho³

et al. 2017

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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In this study, we propose a straightforward method for x determination in sub-stoichiometric nickel oxide (Ni1-xO) films prepared by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis on Fluor-Tin Oxide (FTO) substrates by varying the post-deposition thermal treatment. The Ni 3+ concentration, the flat band potential (Φfb) and the open circuit potential (Voc) were determined by electrochemical impedance analysis in aqueous media and correlated to the transmission of as-deposited Ni1-xO films. An X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy study was also performed to quantify the amount of Ni 3+ in the films and compare it with the one determined by electrochemical analysis. The electrochromic behavior of the Ni1-xO films in non-aqueous electrolyte was investigated as well. With increasing Ni 3+ concentration the films became more brownish and more conductive, both Voc and Φfb values increased. Calibration curves of transmission at 550 nm or open circuit potential vs. carrier concentration were plotted and allowed the prediction of x in an unknown Ni1-xO sample. The Ni1-xO films characterized by the highest Ni 3+ concentration have a darker colored state but lower transmission modulation, due to their reduced specific surface and increased crystallinity.

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Characterization and control of the electronic properties of a NiO based dye sensitized photocathode

Cited by 27 publications

References 38 publications

Enhancement of p-Type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Performance by Supramolecular Assembly of Electron Donor and Acceptor

Enhancement of p-Type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Performance by Supramolecular Assembly of Electron Donor and Acceptor

A Phosphonic Acid Anchoring Analogue of the Sensitizer P1 for p-Type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Straightforward prediction of the Ni_1−xO layers stoichiometry by using optical and electrochemical measurements

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Characterization and control of the electronic properties of a NiO based dye sensitized photocathode

Cited by 27 publications

References 38 publications

Enhancement of p-Type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Performance by Supramolecular Assembly of Electron Donor and Acceptor

Enhancement of p-Type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Performance by Supramolecular Assembly of Electron Donor and Acceptor

A Phosphonic Acid Anchoring Analogue of the Sensitizer P1 for p-Type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Straightforward prediction of the Ni1−xO layers stoichiometry by using optical and electrochemical measurements

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Straightforward prediction of the Ni_1−xO layers stoichiometry by using optical and electrochemical measurements