SummaryDuring the last decade, the cost of DNA sequencing technologies has decreased several orders of magnitude, with the proportional increase of speed and throughput. Human Genome Project took almost 15 years to complete the sequence of the human genome. With the second and third generation technologies, this can be done in the matter of days or hours. This progress and availability of sequencing instruments to virtually every researcher leads to replacing of many techniques with DNA sequencing and opens new venues of research. DNA sequencing is used to investigate basic biological phenomena, and is probably going to be increasingly used in the context of health care (preimplantation diagnostics, oncology, infectious diseases). Current trends are aiming towards the price of 1000$ for sequencing of one human genome. Without any doubt, we can expect improvement of existing and the development of fourth generation technologies in the coming years.Keywords: DNA sequencing; genome; molecular biology
Kratak sadr`ajTokom poslednjih 10 godina, cena sekvenciranja DNK se drasti~no smanjila, dok se, suprotno tome, brzina sekvenciranja i veli~ina genoma koja se mo`e sekvencirati u jedinici vremena, pove}ala. Sekvenciranje kompletnog humanog genoma u okviru projekta »Humani Genom« trajalo je skoro 15 godina. Sa dana{njim stepenom razvoja, tehnologijama sekvenciranja druge i tre}e generacije, isti projekat bio bi realizovan za nekoliko dana, pa ~ak i sati. Napredak u tehnologiji sekvenciranja i dostupnost novih tipova instrumenata za sekvenciranje gotovo svakoj laboratoriji rezultirala je mnogo masovnijom upotrebom ove metodologije u analizi DNK kao i otvaranjem novih pravaca u istra`ivanjima. Sekvenciranje DNK se koristi za istra`ivanje osnovnih biolo{kih fenomena, i verovatno }e sve vi{e nalaziti upotrebu u za{titi zdravlja (preimplantaciona dijagnostika, onkologija, infektivne bo lesti). Trenutno, osnovni trend u ovoj oblasti je obaranje cene sekvenciranja po pojedina~nom humanom genomu na 1000$. Nema nikakve sumnje da }e se u narednim godinama pojaviti tehnologije ~etvrte generacije.