Adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells and regenerative medicine

Abstract

Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are multipotent and can differentiate into various cell types, including osteocytes, adipocytes, neural cells, vascular endothelial cells, cardiomyocytes, pancreatic bcells, and hepatocytes. Compared with the extraction of other stem cells such as bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), that of ADSCs requires minimally invasive techniques. In the field of regenerative medicine, the use of autologous cells is preferable to embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells. Therefore, ADSCs are a useful resource for drug screening and regenerative medicine. Here we present the methods and mechanisms underlying the induction of multilineage cells from ADSCs.

Murine Insulinoma Cell-Conditioned Medium with ΒETA2/Neurod1 Transduction Efficiently Induces the Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells into β-Like Cells both In Vitro and In Vivo

“…Then, we selected nicotinamide-free culture media for further experiments. For Pdx1-ADSC without MIN6-CM, insulin expression was not detected (control group), which was in accordance with the results of our previous report [12]. Next, we evaluated the MEF-feeder effect.…”

“…Alternatively, pancreatic progenitor cells present as possible candidates [11]. Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which represent a nonhematopoietic cell population, can also differentiate into mesenchymal tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage, or fat) [12]. MSCs were first isolated from bone marrow and later from nonmarrow tissues, including umbilical cord blood and adipose tissue, and are clinically applicable because of easy accessibility and large scale preparation.…”

Tendon-Derived Extracellular Matrix Enhances Transforming Growth Factor-β3-Induced Tenogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

“…[8][9][10] Compared with other cell sources, adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are abundant and can be isolated by minimally invasive approaches. 11,12 To date, a variety of growth factors have been reported to be tenogenic for ASCs. For instance, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-14 and BMP-12 were shown to induce strong tenogenic differentiation of mouse and canine ASCs, respectively.…”

Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Accelerate the Restoration of Tensile Strength of Tendon and Alleviate the Progression of Rotator Cuff Injury in a Rat Model

“…ADSCs demonstrate the ability to differentiate into various lineages, such as tenocytes, fat cells, neurons, endothelial cells, skeletal muscle cells, smooth muscle cells, and cardiac myocytes. Cytokines and growth factors released by ADSCs have also been shown to have modulatory activity in tissue remodeling (6,19,20). Studies on ADSCs have provided evidence for restoration of damaged chondrocytes and injured cartilage (15).…”