“…Inspired by the work on how rodents use smell to locate imbibed seeds by Vander Wall and others (e.g. Howard and Cole, 1967;Johnson and Jorgensen, 1981;Vander Wall, 1991, 1993a, b, 1995, 2000, 2010Jorgensen, 2001;Vander Wall and Jenkins, 2003;Vander Wall et al, 2005), we revisited the dormancy hypothesis for the evolution of hard seeds, which led us to propose the crypsis hypothesis as an alternative explanation for the evolution of hardseededness, suggesting that the primary function of waterimpermeable hard seeds is their ability to reduce seed predation (Paulsen et al, 2013). We demonstrated that buried water-impermeable hard seeds are difficult to find for rodent seed predators that use volatiles as cues to locate seeds (Paulsen et al, 2013, andsee also Vander Wall, 2003).…”