Scytalidium and scytalidiosis: What's new in 2012?

Machouart, M.; Menir, P.; Helenon, R.; Quist, D.; Desbois, N.

doi:10.1016/j.mycmed.2013.01.002

Cited by 46 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In general, the most commonly reported species clinically are Colletotrichum spp. (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20), Neoscytalidium dimidiatum (21)(22)(23)(24)(25), and Phoma spp. (11,(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coelomycetous Fungi in the Clinical Setting: Morphological Convergence and Cryptic Diversity

et al. 2017

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Human infections by coelomycetous fungi are becoming more frequent and range from superficial to systemic dissemination. Traumatic implantation of contaminated plant material is the most common cause. The typical morphological feature of these fungi is the production of asexual spores (conidia) within fruiting bodies called conidiomata. This study aimed to determine the distribution of the coelomycetes in clinical samples by a phenotypic and molecular study of a large set of isolates received from a U.S. reference mycological institution and by obtaining the in vitro antifungal susceptibility pattern of nine antifungals against a selected group of isolates. A total of 230 isolates were identified by sequencing the D1 and D2 domains of the large subunit (LSU) nuclear ribosomal RNA (nrRNA) gene and by morphological characterization. Eleven orders of the phylum Ascomycota were identified: Pleosporales (the largest group; 66.1%), Botryosphaeriales (19.57%), Glomerellales (4.35%), Diaporthales (3.48%), Xylariales (2.17%), Hysteriales and Valsariales (0.87%), and Capnodiales, Helotiales, Hypocreales and Magnaporthales (0.43% each). The most prevalent species were Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, Paraconiothyrium spp., Phoma herbarum, Didymella heteroderae, and Epicoccum sorghinum. The most common anatomical site of isolation was superficial tissue (66.5%), followed by the respiratory tract (17.4%). Most of the isolates tested were susceptible to the majority of antifungals, and only flucytosine showed poor antifungal activity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coelomycetous Fungi in the Clinical Setting: Morphological Convergence and Cryptic Diversity

et al. 2017

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“…Africa, Asia and the Indian Ocean region, whereas the hyaline variety was exclusively isolated from patients in South America, West Africa and the West Indies [5,[14][15]. The hyaline variety is responsible for chronic infections in toenail, interdigital spaces, soles and palms [1,2,5,[16][17][18][19] which are clinically similar to N. dimidiatum infections and indistinguishable from dermatophytosis [1][2][16][17].…”

Section: Dimidiatum Was Isolated From Environmental Samples and Patiementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neoscytalidium dimidiatum and its albino variant N. dimidiatum var. hyalinum, which does not produce melanin, are involved in human infections [5]. Traditionally, the fungus has been characterized by producing abundant uni-to tricellular dark arthroconidia [6][7][8][9] which are nonsexual propagules produced by hypha fission [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro susceptibilities of Neoscytalidium spp. sequence types to antifungal agents and antimicrobial photodynamic treatment with phenothiazinium photosensitizers

et al. 2018

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In vitro susceptibilities of Neoscytalidium spp. sequence types to antifungal agents and antimicrobial photodynamic treatment with phenothiazinium photosensitizers http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/7434/ Article LJMU has developed LJMU Research Online for users to access the research output of the University more effectively. Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Users may download and/or print one copy of any article(s) in LJMU Research Online to facilitate their private study or for non-commercial research. You may not engage in further distribution of the material or use it for any profit-making activities or any commercial gain.The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of the record. Please see the repository URL above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription.

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“…Infections caused by this species generally occur in endemic tropical and subtropical areas, such as Africa, South America, the Caribbean, India, and Asia, through direct or indirect exposure to contaminated soil (5). While N. dimidiatum is known to cause dermatomycosis and onychomycosis, there are limited case reports in the literature describing invasive infections.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Delay in identification of the causative pathogen is the main obstacle when treating these patients, and rates of false-negative cultures can be as high as 30% (5). The prognosis for invasive N. dimidiatum infection is typically poor: in a review of 10 cases by Elinav et al, 50% of the patients died, and one case of endophthalmitis required enucleation (11).…”

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confidence: 99%

Pulmonary Fungal Infection Caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum

et al. 2015

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Neoscytalidium dimidiatum is a mold known to cause onychomycosis and dermatomycosis; however, it is an extremely rare cause of systemic infection. We report a case of pulmonary infection with Neoscytalidium dimidiatum in an immunocompromised patient and discuss in vitro susceptibility data from this case and previous literature. CASE REPORTA 50-year-old male was admitted to the hospital with a 2-day history of worsening alteration in mental status and abdominal distention after being discharged from a skilled nursing facility. His past medical history was significant for cirrhosis secondary to chronic hepatitis C viral infection. The patient had a previous hospital admission 1 month prior for altered mental status. He was found to have a frontal lobe mass during that admission, which was resected, and the patient was diagnosed with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). He was started on dexamethasone at 2 mg every 6 h for cerebral edema, which was continued on readmission.Physical examination demonstrated pertinent findings of jaundice and a large, firm, distended abdomen, which was nontender to palpation. The patient's lungs were clear to auscultation bilaterally. Laboratory studies on readmission revealed the following clinical values: white blood cell count, 20,100 cells/mm 3 (neutrophils, 84%); hemoglobin, 13.5 g/dl; hematocrit, 39%; platelets, 85,000/mm 3 ; serum creatinine, 0.57 mg/dl; international normalized ratio, 1.62; total protein, 5.2 g/dl; albumin, 2.5 g/dl; aspartate aminotransferase, 52 U/liter; alanine aminotransferase, 130 U/liter; alkaline phosphatase, 138 U/liter; total bilirubin, 1.2 mg/dl (direct bilirubin, 0.5 mg/dl); ammonia, 131 mol/liter; and lactate, 2.5 mmol/liter. Analysis of the peritoneal fluid showed 149 total nucleated cells/mm 3 , with 37% neutrophils and no bacterial growth on culture.On hospital day 1, a computed tomography (CT) with contrast of the abdomen and pelvis to evaluate for ascites described new incidental findings of multiple bilateral pulmonary nodules, compared to a CT with contrast of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis from 27 days prior. There was concern for lymphomatous metastases of the lung. However, a noncontrast CT of the chest on hospital day 5 showed multiple lung nodules increasing in size, several cavitating, suggestive of infection. The patient remained afebrile, and his leukocytosis had improved to 16,200 cells/mm 3 at the time of this finding. The infectious diseases team was consulted, and a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed.Cultures from sputum collected on hospital day 5 and BAL fluid collected on hospital day 6 were positive on hospital day 9 for growth of wooly, brown colonies on Sabouraud dextrose and inhibitory mold agars at 30°C. No growth was observed on brain heart infusion agar with cycloheximide and gentamicin or on Mycosel agar. Microscopically, the mold produced continuous, blocky, brown arthroconidia and septate hyphae, and a preliminary identification of Neoscytalidium sp. was made. As both the sputum and BAL fluid samples grew...

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Scytalidium and scytalidiosis: What's new in 2012?

Cited by 46 publications

References 32 publications

Coelomycetous Fungi in the Clinical Setting: Morphological Convergence and Cryptic Diversity

Coelomycetous Fungi in the Clinical Setting: Morphological Convergence and Cryptic Diversity

In vitro susceptibilities of Neoscytalidium spp. sequence types to antifungal agents and antimicrobial photodynamic treatment with phenothiazinium photosensitizers

Pulmonary Fungal Infection Caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum

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