Highland Guatemalan women are extremely short of stature, and no lactation duration effects on body composition are observed in a cross-sectional survey

Oyesiku, Linda; Solomons, Noel W.; Doak, Colleen M.; Vossenaar, Marieke

doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2012.12.001

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The short maternal stature of the mothers is of concern. A high prevalence of adult stunting was documented in a survey of all mothers measured in the urban-clinic series ( 65 ) . The mean height of the 542 mothers in that study was 149·2 ( sd 5·9) cm, with 59 % standing less than 150·3 cm tall (data not shown).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stunting at birth: recognition of early-life linear growth failure in the western highlands of Guatemala

Solomons¹,

Vossenaar²,

Chomat

et al. 2014

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: Measurements of length at birth, or in the neonatal period, are challenging to obtain and often discounted for lack of validity. Hence, classical 'under-5' stunting rates have been derived from surveys on children from 6 to 59 months of age. Guatemala has a high prevalence of stunting (49·8 %), but the age of onset of growth failure is not clearly defined. The objective of the study was to assess length-for-age within the first 1·5 months of life among Guatemalan infants. Design: As part of a cross-sectional observational study, supine length was measured in young infants. Mothers' height was measured. Length-for-age Z-scores (HAZ) were generated and stunting was defined as HAZ < − 2 using WHO growth standards. Setting: Eight rural, indigenous Mam-Mayan villages (n 200, 100 % of Mayan indigenous origin) and an urban clinic of Quetzaltenango (n 106, 27 % of Mayan indigenous origin), Guatemala. Subjects: Three hundred and six newborns with a median age of 19 d. Results: The median rural HAZ was − 1·56 and prevalence of stunting was 38 %; the respective urban values were − 1·41 and 25 %. Linear regression revealed no relationship between infant age and HAZ (r = 0·101, r 2 = 0·010, P = 0·077). Maternal height explained 3 % of the variability in HAZ (r = 0·171, r 2 = 0·029, P = 0·003). Conclusions: Stunting must be carried over from in utero growth retardation in short-stature Guatemalan mothers. As linear growth failure in this setting begins in utero, its prevention must be linked to maternal care strategies during gestation, or even before. A focus on maternal nutrition and health in an intergenerational dimension is needed to reduce its prevalence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stunting at birth: recognition of early-life linear growth failure in the western highlands of Guatemala

Solomons¹,

Vossenaar²,

Chomat

et al. 2014

Public Health Nutr.

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“…The nation ranks highest in the Western Hemisphere, with the prevalence of 49.8% in children between 6 and 50 months in the most recent national survey (2). Moreover, the stunting rates are the highest in the rural areas, and indigenous Guatemalans are more stunted at all ages than their nonindigenous compatriots (3,4). Environmental factors in addition to dietary deficiencies have been imputed as determinants of linear growth retardation (5,6), but the nature and mechanisms of their influence on growth are incompletely understood.…”

Section: What Is Newmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of Giardia intestinalis and Systemic Oxidation in Preschool Children in the Western Highlands of Guatemala

Soto-Méndez

Aguilera

Mesa

et al. 2016

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

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“…No difference in BMI was detected between early and later PP visits, consistent with findings in urban Quetzaltenango where maternal BMI did not change between early PP and 2 years PP. 68…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No difference in BMI was detected between early and later PP visits, consistent with findings in urban Quetzaltenango where maternal BMI did not change between early PP and 2 years PP. 68 Dietary Diversity Scores were 3.4, 3.4, and 2.8 in pregnancy, early PP, and later PP, respectively (Table 4). All women consumed starchy staples (mostly maize), and over half consumed legumes (most commonly black and broad beans) the previous day (Table 4).…”

Section: Social Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Methodologies Reveal a Diversity of Nutrition, Infection/Illness, and Psychosocial Stressors During Pregnancy and Lactation in Rural Mam-Mayan Mother–Infant Dyads From the Western Highlands of Guatemala

et al. 2015

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Background: The nature and severity of 3 categories of maternal stressors (nutritional, infectious, and psychosocial) that may impact maternal health and early infant growth are not often considered together. Objectives: To describe quantitative methodologies; assess construct validity of questionnaires; report variability in sociodemographic, obstetric, nutritional, infectious, and psychosocial characteristics; and compare characteristics between pregnancy and lactation and between study cohorts of Mam-Mayan mother-infant dyads. Methods: Grounded in participatory action research and a socioecological framework, this observational study enrolled a longitudinal cohort of 155 women, followed during pregnancy (6-9 months), early (0-6 weeks), and later (4-6 months) postpartum, and 2 cross-sectional cohorts (60 early and 56 later postpartum). Household and social factors; obstetric history; nutritional, infectious, and psychosocial stressors; and infant characteristics were explored. Results: Diet diversity (3.4 + 1.3) and adult food security (38%) were low. Urinary and gastrointestinal infections were rare (<5%), whereas experience of local idioms of distress was frequent (20%-50%). Participants reported low maternal autonomy (81%), high paternal support (70%), small social support networks (2.7 + 1.3 individuals), and high trust in family (88%) and community-based institutions (61%-65%) but low trust in government services (6%). Domestic violence was commonly reported (22%). Infant stunting was common (36% early postpartum and 43% later postpartum) despite frequent antenatal care visits (7.5 + 3.8). Participant engagement with the research team did not influence study outcomes based on comparisons between longitudinal and cross-sectional cohorts. Conclusions:The variability in sociodemographic, nutritional, and psychosocial variables, will allow exploration of factors that promote resilience or increase vulnerability of the mother-infant dyad.

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Highland Guatemalan women are extremely short of stature, and no lactation duration effects on body composition are observed in a cross-sectional survey

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

Stunting at birth: recognition of early-life linear growth failure in the western highlands of Guatemala

Stunting at birth: recognition of early-life linear growth failure in the western highlands of Guatemala

Interaction of Giardia intestinalis and Systemic Oxidation in Preschool Children in the Western Highlands of Guatemala

Quantitative Methodologies Reveal a Diversity of Nutrition, Infection/Illness, and Psychosocial Stressors During Pregnancy and Lactation in Rural Mam-Mayan Mother–Infant Dyads From the Western Highlands of Guatemala

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