Genome sequence and characterization of a Rhodococcus equi phage REQ1

Petrovski, Steve; Seviour, Robert J.; Tillett, Daniel

doi:10.1007/s11262-013-0887-1

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…A similar level of stringent strain specificity has been observed in other actinophages (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)27). Possible explanations include an absence of a compatible receptor site in the resistant host cell, absence of appropriate molecular machinery to support infection, or possession of phage resistance systems like clustered regularly interspersed repeat (CRISPR) systems, restriction modification (RM) systems, and abortive infection (Abi) systems (28).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Thomas et al (14) proposed that a phage therapy biocontrol approach might be an attractive option for treating this global operational problem and successfully isolated 17 phages infective for foaming mycolata from Australian wastewater treatment plants. More mycolata phages have been isolated and described since then (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). Among them is the TPA2 phage, infective for members of the genus Tsukamurella (15).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Three of a Kind: Genetically Similar Tsukamurella Phages TIN2, TIN3, and TIN4

Dyson

Tucci

Seviour

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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bThree Tsukamurella phages, TIN2, TIN3, and TIN4, were isolated from activated sludge treatment plants located in Victoria, Australia, using conventional enrichment techniques. Illumina and 454 whole-genome sequencing of these Siphoviridae viruses revealed that they had similar genome sequences, ranging in size between 76,268 bp and 76,964 bp. All three phages shared 74% nucleotide sequence identity to the previously described Gordonia phage GTE7. Genome sequencing suggested that phage TIN3 had suffered a mutation in one of its lysis genes compared to the sequence of phage TIN4, to which it is genetically very similar. Mass spectroscopy data showed the unusual presence of a virion structural gene in the DNA replication module of phage TIN4, disrupting the characteristic modular genome architecture of Siphoviridae phages. All three phages appeared highly virulent on strains of Tsukamurella inchonensis and Tsukamurella paurometabola. The genus Tsukamurella contains Gram-positive organisms in the Corynebacteriales (1) and currently includes 11 species (2). Members of this genus are strictly aerobic and weakly/variably acid-fast, nonmotile, non-spore-forming organisms whose cell envelopes contain long-chain unsaturated mycolic acids (3-8).Together with other mycolic acid-producing genera, including Mycobacterium, Millisia, Nocardia, Rhodococcus, Williamsia, Rhodococcus, and Gordonia, they are often referred to collectively as the mycolata, a group of organisms whose mycolic acids render their cells highly hydrophobic (9, 10).The high hydrophobicity and the biosurfactants produced by the mycolata implicate them as stabilizing agents of foams in activated sludge plants (9, 11). Several Tsukamurella species including T. spumae (12), T. sunchonensis (13), and T. pseudospumae (12) have been isolated from these foams. Stable foams complicate sludge management, have a negative impact on plant esthetics, and increase maintenance costs (9).Several opportunistic Tsukamurella pathogens are known to exist, thus posing a potential health hazard to plant operators from aerosol foam dispersal (9). Thomas et al. (14) proposed that a phage therapy biocontrol approach might be an attractive option for treating this global operational problem and successfully isolated 17 phages infective for foaming mycolata from Australian wastewater treatment plants. More mycolata phages have been isolated and described since then (15-21). Among them is the TPA2 phage, infective for members of the genus Tsukamurella (15).As of March 2015, genomes of 228 phages infective for members of the closely related genus Mycobacterium have been sequenced. To better understand their genomics, Hatfull et al. (22) devised a clustering system that claimed to reveal insights into their evolutionary interrelationships. In this system, TPA2 phage would be placed into their cluster B as its genome organization is similar to that of the Mycobacterium phage Rosebush (15). Despite this similarity between TPA2 and Mycobacterium phages, little else is known about the exte...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 58%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Three of a Kind: Genetically Similar Tsukamurella Phages TIN2, TIN3, and TIN4

Dyson

Tucci

Seviour

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…P. acnes bacteria were grown anaerobically using the Anaerogen system (Oxoid) at 37 °C. Isolation of R. equi was as previously described . The culture was grown at 30 °C on peptone–yeast–calcium agar (PYCa) containing 0.5% peptone (Oxoid), 0.3% yeast extract (Oxoid), 0.1% calcium chloride (Sigma), 0.1% glucose (Sigma) and 1.5% agar.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These phage were formulated into a range of hydrophilic bases of diverse ionic nature, as well as more hydrophobic and more occlusive bases, to test their efficacy as vehicles in phage therapy. The second model involves the use of Rhodococcus equi bacteria and REQ1, a phage we had previously isolated which is lytic against R. equi . R. equi is known to give rise to a limited variety of infections of the oral cavity, as well as the gastrointestinal and genito‐urinary tracts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriophage formulated into a range of semisolid and solid dosage forms maintain lytic capacity against isolated cutaneous and opportunistic oral bacteria

Brown

Thomas

Odgers

et al. 2016

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

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“…Interestingly, although the repressor/stoperator system is restricted to the Cluster A phages within the collection of sequenced mycobacteriophages, it appears to be shared with phages of some other Actinomycetales hosts. For example, there are multiple stoperator-like sites in Streptomyces phage R4 and its relatives (244), as well as in Rhodococcus phage RER2 (179); in the latter phage the invariant positions (1, 9 to 13) are the same as in the Cluster A mycobacteriophages, but the R4-like Streptomyces phage stoperators are substantially different. The prevalence of this regulatory system among the broader Actinomycetales phage population remains to be explored.…”

Section: Mycobacteriophage Gene Expression and Its Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Genetics of Mycobacteriophages

Hatfull

2014

Microbiol Spectr

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Mycobacteriophages have provided numerous essential tools for mycobacterial genetics, including delivery systems for transposons, reporter genes, and allelic exchange substrates, and components for plasmid vectors and mutagenesis. Their genetically diverse genomes also reveal insights into the broader nature of the phage population and the evolutionary mechanisms that give rise to it. The substantial advances in our understanding of the biology of mycobacteriophages including a large collection of completely sequenced genomes indicates a rich potential for further contributions in tuberculosis genetics and beyond.

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Genome sequence and characterization of a Rhodococcus equi phage REQ1

Cited by 20 publications

References 18 publications

Three of a Kind: Genetically Similar Tsukamurella Phages TIN2, TIN3, and TIN4

Three of a Kind: Genetically Similar Tsukamurella Phages TIN2, TIN3, and TIN4

Bacteriophage formulated into a range of semisolid and solid dosage forms maintain lytic capacity against isolated cutaneous and opportunistic oral bacteria

Molecular Genetics of Mycobacteriophages

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