Correlación entre las lesiones desmielinizantes y el deterioro de las funciones ejecutivas en una muestra de pacientes mexicanos con esclerosis múltiple

Aldrete-Cortez, Vania; Duriez-Sotelo, E.; Carrillo‐Mora, Paul; Pérez-Zuno, J.A.

doi:10.1016/j.nrl.2012.10.005

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Several factors, including biological, medical, and psychosocial factors, may contribute to cognitive impairment in MS. These findings need to be investigated in future studies with larger sample sizes 21 . The use of high detail resonators is recommended for the identification of more cortical lesions, for this study, 3-T MRI was used 28 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…This finding may be due to the small sample size. It is already known from previous literature that these variables are not always directly proportional 21,26,27 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most frequently affected areas are information processing speed, working memory, visual and verbal memory, verbal fluency, learning, word retrieval, and executive functions 18,20 . Because a neuropsychological evaluation was not conducted to assess a baseline state of cognitive impairment or any previously established alterations in mental functions, these aspects remain unclarified 19,21 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Location and morphology of cortical lesions in multiple sclerosis

Bertado-Ramírez,

García-Santiago,

Calderón-Cánovas

et al. 2024

RMN

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Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Diagnosis is based on the Mc-Donalds criteria, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies, and the expanded disability status scale (EDSS)which assesses disease progression. These criteria do not include the recently described cortical lesions. The aim of the study was to describe the most frequent location and morphology of cortical lesions in patients with MS in Puebla, Mexico. Methods: A descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional, and analytical study was conducted on patients with MS at a tertiary care hospital. Patients diagnosed with relapsing-remitting, secondary-progressive, and progressive-relapsing MS variants with cranial magnetic resonance imaging were included in the study. Age, sex, MS variant, EDSS score, cognitive impairment, annual relapse rate, morphology, location, and number of cortical lesions were evaluated. Descriptive statistics were used. To compare features between groups, the χ 2 test was used, and for correlations, the Spearman's Correlation Coefficient was used. A p ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Twenty-five patients met the selection criteria. The most frequent location of cortical lesions was the parietal region 84%, and the second was the temporal region 16%. The most common morphology was juxtacortical at 64% and mixed at 36%. The most frequent variant of MS was relapsing-remitting, present in 92%, and 8% had the secondary progressive variant. In the EDSS scale, the scores most frequently observed were 0.0 and 3.5. Conclusions: The most frequent location of cortical lesions was in the parietal region, and the most common morphology was juxtacortical.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…This finding may be due to the small sample size. It is already known from previous literature that these variables are not always directly proportional 21,26,27 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Location and morphology of cortical lesions in multiple sclerosis

Bertado-Ramírez,

García-Santiago,

Calderón-Cánovas

et al. 2024

RMN

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The Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on the Cognitive Functioning of Patients with Pre-Existing Dementia

Dubey

Das

Ghosh

et al. 2023

ADR

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Background: Cognitive postscripts of COVID-19, codenamed as ‘cognitive COVID’ or ‘brain fog,’ characterized by multidomain cognitive impairments, are now being reckoned as the most devastating sequelae of COVID-19. However, the impact on the already demented brain has not been studied. Objective: We aimed to assess the cognitive functioning and neuroimaging following SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with pre-existing dementia. Methods: Fourteen COVID-19 survivors with pre-existing dementia (four with Alzheimer’s disease, five with vascular dementia, three with Parkinson’s disease dementia, and two with the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia) were recruited. All these patients had detailed cognitive and neuroimaging evaluations within three months before suffering from COVID-19 and one year later. Results: Of the 14 patients, ten required hospitalization. All developed or increased white matter hyperintensities that mimicked multiple sclerosis and small vessel disease. There was a significant increase in fatigue (p = 0.001) and depression (p = 0.016) scores following COVID-19. The mean Frontal Assessment Battery (p < 0.001) and Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination (p = 0.001) scores also significantly worsened. Conclusion: The rapid progression of dementia, the addition of further impairments/deterioration of cognitive abilities, and the increase or new appearance of white matter lesion burden suggests that previously compromised brains have little defense to withstand a new insult (i.e., ‘second hit’ like infection/dysregulated immune response and inflammation). ‘Brain fog’ is an ambiguous terminology without specific attribution to the spectrum of post-COVID-19 cognitive sequelae. We propose a new codename, i.e., ‘FADE-IN MEMORY’ (i.e., Fatigue, decreased Fluency, Attention deficit, Depression, Executive dysfunction, slowed INformation processing speed, and subcortical MEMORY impairment).

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A Comparison of Implicit and Explicit Motor Sequence Learning in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Sarabandi

2017

Sports

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This study tends to assess implicit and explicit types of motor learning in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and normal peers by means of a serial reaction time. Sample size was 15 for each group and Samples included 30 patients with MS and 30 normal peers and were assigned to implicit and explicit learning groups. A repeated measures ANOVA was used for measuring reaction time and response error, and a paired samples t-test was used to compare regular and irregular sequence data in each group. Comparison of these two types of learning in speed (response time) and accuracy (number of errors) showed the number of errors (P = 0.012) and response time (P = 0.012) in the implicit motor learning group of MS patients and the number of errors (P = 0.096) and response time (P = 0.954) in the explicit motor learning group of MS patients. Moreover, comparison showed the number of errors (P = 0.008) and response time (P = 0.05) in the implicit group of normal peers and the number of errors (P = 0.011) and response time (P = 0.442) in the explicit group of normal peers. The results showed that explaining and describing the task is less effective at training the motor sequence of MS patients and that these patients benefit more from implicit learning.

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Correlación entre las lesiones desmielinizantes y el deterioro de las funciones ejecutivas en una muestra de pacientes mexicanos con esclerosis múltiple

Abstract: Explanations of the causes of cognitive impairment in MS should examine a variety of biological, psychological, and social factors instead of focusing solely on demyelinating lesions.

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Location and morphology of cortical lesions in multiple sclerosis

Location and morphology of cortical lesions in multiple sclerosis

The Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on the Cognitive Functioning of Patients with Pre-Existing Dementia

A Comparison of Implicit and Explicit Motor Sequence Learning in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

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