“…Biological treatment of biomaterials such as fungal cultivation is one promising method that has been assessed for other purposes including enhanced saccharification and modified animal feed101112, but it has not been used for biosorbent modification. White-rot fungi are well known in natural carbon cycling via degrading lignocellulose using their powerful ligninolytic system and with the help of mycelial penetration into plant cell walls13.…”
A lignocellulosic waste oiltea shell (OTS) was evaluated as an inexpensive sorbent to remove methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. Fungal treatment of OTS increased the MB adsorption by modifying the physicochemical properties of OTS and simultaneously produced laccase as a beneficial co-product. Without fungal treatment, the maximum amount of adsorption (qm) of MB by OTS was 64.4 mg/g, whereas the treatment with fungus Pycnoporus sp. and Trametes versicolor increased qm up to 72.5 mg/g and 85.7 mg/g, respectively. This is because of the improved surface area and pore sizes as well as altered chemical compositions. The equilibrium sorption data for OTS both with and without treatment fitted to the Langmuir model, and the sorption rate data well fitted to the pseudo second-order kinetic model. The changes in free energy (ΔG°) and separation factor (RL) indicated that the sorption was spontaneous and favorable. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed the changes in the surface morphology and functional groups of OTS after fungal treatment. The agro-waste OTS could be utilized as a low-cost adsorbent for efficient dye removal, and fungal treatment can serve as a mild and clean technique to increase the adsorptive capacity of OTS.
“…Biological treatment of biomaterials such as fungal cultivation is one promising method that has been assessed for other purposes including enhanced saccharification and modified animal feed101112, but it has not been used for biosorbent modification. White-rot fungi are well known in natural carbon cycling via degrading lignocellulose using their powerful ligninolytic system and with the help of mycelial penetration into plant cell walls13.…”
A lignocellulosic waste oiltea shell (OTS) was evaluated as an inexpensive sorbent to remove methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. Fungal treatment of OTS increased the MB adsorption by modifying the physicochemical properties of OTS and simultaneously produced laccase as a beneficial co-product. Without fungal treatment, the maximum amount of adsorption (qm) of MB by OTS was 64.4 mg/g, whereas the treatment with fungus Pycnoporus sp. and Trametes versicolor increased qm up to 72.5 mg/g and 85.7 mg/g, respectively. This is because of the improved surface area and pore sizes as well as altered chemical compositions. The equilibrium sorption data for OTS both with and without treatment fitted to the Langmuir model, and the sorption rate data well fitted to the pseudo second-order kinetic model. The changes in free energy (ΔG°) and separation factor (RL) indicated that the sorption was spontaneous and favorable. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed the changes in the surface morphology and functional groups of OTS after fungal treatment. The agro-waste OTS could be utilized as a low-cost adsorbent for efficient dye removal, and fungal treatment can serve as a mild and clean technique to increase the adsorptive capacity of OTS.
“…I-62 were used alone (laccase activity of 17.2 mU g À1 and 42.8 mU g À1 , respectively; peroxidase activity of 6.5 mU g À1 and 2.8 mU g À1 , respectively) or in combination (23.0 mU g À1 and 8.4 mU g À1 laccase and peroxidase activities, respectively). Liu et al (2013) also found higher laccase activity than manganese peroxidase (MnP) or lignin peroxidase (LiP) activities, and no cellulose or xylanase activities when switchgrass was treated with white-rot fungus Pycnoporus sp. SYBC-L3.…”
Section: Fungal Enzymesmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…Basidiomycetes such as Trametes velutina, Pycnoporus sp. SYBC-L3, Pleurotus eryngii, Irpex lacteus, Ceriporiopsis subvermispora, Trametes versicolor and Phanerochaete chrysosporium have been used to treat various lignocellulosic biomasses and have enhanced hydrolysis yields (Cianchetta et al, 2014;Gui et al, 2013;Liu et al, 2013;López-Abelairas et al, 2013;Salvachúa et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2013a;Zhong et al, 2011). However, endophytic fungi (mainly ascomycetes) have not previously been used for this purpose.…”
“…Furthermore, the efficiency of lignin degradation in Bacillus sp. A4 was much higher than that in white rot fungus (Wan and Li 2010;Liu et al 2013). The white rot fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora degraded 39.2% lignin of corn stover after 42 d of cultivation (Wan and Li 2010).…”
Section: Laccase Production and Its Effects On Biomass Degradationmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…The lignin content of switchgrass decreased by 30% after 36 d of incubation with fungus Pycnoporus sp. SYBC-13 (Liu et al 2013), while the Bacillus sp. A4 removed 11 to 74% lignin of the tested biomass after only 9 d of cultivation (Fig.…”
Section: Laccase Production and Its Effects On Biomass Degradationmentioning
Bacillus sp. A4 exhibiting laccase production was isolated from forest soil. Its laccase secreted into a LB medium exhibited a maximum activity of 3.9 U mg -1 protein at the optimal temperature (37 °C) and pH (6.0). The purified laccase of Bacillus sp. A4 demonstrated a low molecular mass of 33 kDa, and its optimal temperature and pH were 40 °C and 4.6, respectively, when using ABTS as a substrate. The activity of the purified laccase was significantly increased in the presence of Cu 2+ , methanol, and ethanol, but it was totally inhibited by L-cysteine. The laccase production of this strain was markedly stimulated when the strain was incubated with 0.5% different lignocellulosic biomasses. The highest activity of laccase (22.6 U mg -1 protein) was obtained in using algal biomass. This new strain efficiently decreased the lignin content of lignocellulose biomasses after 9 d of incubation at 37 °C, especially lignin from grasses. Further analysis showed that, compared to that of all tested biomasses, the new strain was a more efficient decomposer of the lignin of Miscanthus, which exhibited much more lignin loss and cell wall structure destruction in a short span of time. Therefore, the potential use of this strain could be advantageous for using lignin in Miscanthus for industrial processes.
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