Neo-epitope tissue transglutaminase autoantibodies as a biomarker of the gluten sensitive skin disease — Dermatitis herpetiformis

IgA antiepidermal transglutaminase antibodies in dermatitis herpetiformis: a significant but not complete response to a gluten-free diet treatment

“…The discovery of transglutaminases as autoantigens in coeliac disease and DH has generated interest in studying whether circulating IgA autoantibodies to TG2 and TG3 could be utilized in the diagnosis of these conditions and monitoring the GFD treatment. Several studies suggest that the untreated patients with DH have a higher frequency of IgA autoantibodies to TG3 than to TG2 . Some studies examining a separate pool of patients with DH on a GFD treatment have shown a lower frequency of TG3 autoantibodies, but longitudinal follow‐up studies are lacking.…”

“…Control sera from 79 untreated patients with coeliac disease (mean age 47 years) and 55 patients (mean age 41 years) with dermatological conditions (psoriasis and atopic dermatitis) were also examined. TG3 antibodies were measured with the same IgA anti‐TG3 enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits (Immundiagnostik, Bensheim, Germany) used in previous studies . TG2 antibodies were measured with IgA anti‐TG2 ELISA kits (Celikey; Phadia GmbH, Freiburg, Germany) and DGP antibodies were measured with anti‐DGP ELISA kits (IgA + IgG antibodies, QuantaLite Celiac DGP Screen; INOVA Diagnostics Inc., San Diego, CA, U.S.A.).…”

Serum transglutaminase 3 antibodies correlate with age at celiac disease diagnosis

“…Some, but not all, of the discrepancies in earlier studies might be explainable by the usage of different methodologies or variable cut-off values. In the majority of the studies TG3 antibody titers have been higher among DH than in celiac disease patients [10,12,[26][27][28] and TG3 antibody positivity more prevalent in DH compared to celiac disease [10,11,25,28], as expected. However, majority of studies focusing on serum TG3 antibodies have been centered around DH patients, and more limited data are available about TG3 antibodies in celiac disease.…”

Serological Diagnosis of Celiac Disease –Moving Beyond the Tip of the Iceberg

“…In fact, several studies have shown the superiority of screening for CD using the tTG/DGPs complex strategy in the general population [29,30] or in groups of at-risk subjects [17,18,19,31,32,33]. Most recently, neo-epitope DGP/tTG autoantibodies were shown to present a new and sensitive serological marker of dermatitis herpetiformis, a disease closely related to CD [34].…”