GABAρ expression in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body

Reyes‐Haro, Daniel; Rosas‐Arellano, Abraham; González-González, María Alejandra; Mora-Loyola, Ernesto; Miledi, Ricardo; Martı́nez-Torres, Ataúlfo

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2012.10.024

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In addition, as with the other inhibitory neurotransmitter, the level of GABA was not changed in the present study, although Gly was dominant. This is in agreement with a mouse study, which reported that after postnatal day 12, the absolute strength of glycinergic transmission increased markedly, while GABAergic signaling remained constant [ 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Neurotransmitters and Receptors Changes in Medial Nucleus of the Trapezoid Body (MNTB) of Early-Developmental Rats with Single-Side Deafness

et al. 2018

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BackgroundCongenital single-side deafness (SSD) affects sound localization even after cochlear implantation (CI) in some conditions. The medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB) plays an important role in binaural benefit and sound localization, but little is known about intrinsic molecular changes in MNTB with SSD. We aimed to observe changes in MNTB in early-developmental SSD rats, including the key neurotransmitters (GABA, Gly, Glu) and major receptors (GABAa-R/GABAb-R for GABA, Gly-R for Gly, and AMPA/NMDA for Glu).Material/MethodsThe model of early-developmental SSD was acquired by right cochlear ablation at P12 and confirmed by ABR. High-performance liquid chromatography fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) was performed to measure the levels of neurotransmitters in MNTB. The relative expression of neurotransmitter receptors was tested by quantitative real-time PCR analysis.Results(1) The right MNTB of experimental rats had an increase in GABA, Gly, and Glu at 4 weeks after right cochlear ablation (P<0.05). (2) At 2 weeks, the left MNTB of experimental rats showed increases in GABAa-R, GABAb-R, Gly-R, and AMPA, while the right MNTB showed lower expression of NMDA (P<0.05). The higher receptors in left MNTB decreased to a level at which we found no difference at 1 week for GABAa-R and GABAb-R (P>0.05), and was even reversed for Gly-R and AMPA (P<0.05). (3) Gly level was significantly increased at 2 weeks bilaterally and continued to 4 weeks in the left MNTB (P<0.05).ConclusionsEarly-developmental SSD can lead to asymmetric distribution of neurotransmitters and receptors in MNTB, which can be the fundamental cause of defective sound localization after cochlear implantation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Neurotransmitters and Receptors Changes in Medial Nucleus of the Trapezoid Body (MNTB) of Early-Developmental Rats with Single-Side Deafness

et al. 2018

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“…In this scenario, the expression of GABA A -ρ subunits becomes relevant under physiological and pathological conditions. For example, during earlier postnatal neurodevelopment [5][6][7][8][9][10] and as a potential therapeutic target for post-stroke motor recovery [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GABAA-ρ Receptors in the CNS: Their Functional, Pharmacological, and Structural Properties in Neurons and Astroglia

Rosas-Arellano,

Estrada-Mondragón,

Martínez-Torres

et al. 2023

Neuroglia

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Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is known as the main inhibitory transmitter in the central nervous system (CNS), where it hyperpolarizes mature neurons through activation of GABAA receptors, pentameric complexes assembled by combination of subunits (α1–6, β1–3, γ1–3, δ, ε, θ, π and ρ1–3). GABAA-ρ subunits were originally described in the retina where they generate non-desensitizing Cl- currents that are insensitive to bicuculline and baclofen. However, now is known that they are widely expressed throughout the brain including glial cells. For example, whole-cell patch-clamp recordings demonstrated the functional expression of GABAA-ρ receptors in primary cultures of cerebellar astrocytes, as well as in cerebellar ependymal cells and striatal astrocytes. In these cells GABA-currents were partially blocked by TPMPA and insensitive to barbiturates. These receptors are proposed to be involved in extrasynaptic communication and dysfunction of the signaling is accompanied by reduced expression of GABAA-ρ receptors in Huntington’s disease and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Thus, the aim of this review is to present an overview about GABAA-ρ receptors including their structure and function, as well as their importance in the excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) balance in neurodevelopment and in disease.

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A simple solution for antibody signal enhancement in immunofluorescence and triple immunogold assays

Rosas‐Arellano

Villalobos-González

Palma-Tirado

et al. 2016

Histochem Cell Biol

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Immunolocalization techniques are standard in biomedical research. Tissue fixation with aldehydes and cell membrane permeabilization with detergents can distort the specific binding of antibodies to their high affinity epitopes. In immunofluorescence protocols, it is desirable to quench the sample's autofluorescence without reduction of the antibody-dependent signal. Here we show that adding glycine to the blocking buffer and diluting the antibodies in a phosphate saline solution containing glycine, Triton X-100, Tween20 and hydrogen peroxide increase the specific antibody signal in tissue immunofluorescence and immunogold electron microscopy. This defined antibody signal enhancer (ASE) solution gives similar results to the commercially available Pierce Immunostain Enhancer (PIE). Furthermore, prolonged tissue incubation in resin and fixative and application of ASE or PIE are described in an improved protocol for triple immunogold electron microscopy that is used to show co-localization of GABA-A ρ2 and dopamine D2 receptors in GFAP-positive astrocytes in the mouse striatum. The addition of glycine, Triton X-100, Tween20 and hydrogen peroxide during antibody incubation steps is recommended in immunohistochemistry methods.

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GABAρ expression in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

Neurotransmitters and Receptors Changes in Medial Nucleus of the Trapezoid Body (MNTB) of Early-Developmental Rats with Single-Side Deafness

Neurotransmitters and Receptors Changes in Medial Nucleus of the Trapezoid Body (MNTB) of Early-Developmental Rats with Single-Side Deafness

GABAA-ρ Receptors in the CNS: Their Functional, Pharmacological, and Structural Properties in Neurons and Astroglia

A simple solution for antibody signal enhancement in immunofluorescence and triple immunogold assays

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