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In this study, the effect of soil temperature and aging on the adsorption and desorption of menadione was investigated using the batch equilibrium method. The obtained isotherm data can be well fitted to the linearized form of the Freundlich equation, with R2 values ranging between 0.91 and 1.00. The adsorption and desorption of menadione in non‐aged (control) soil increased significantly when the temperature ranged between 15 and 37°C. Among soils that were amended with menadione and aged for 72 h, the sample with 2 μg·g−1 amendment showed significantly higher adsorption/desorption than those with 10 and 20 μg·g−1 amendments (P < 0.05). Thermodynamic and isotherm hysteresis analyses demonstrated that the sorption of menadione on the control and aged soils was a spontaneous and endothermic process. Physical sorption was the predominant mechanism, and there was negative hysteresis during desorption. Furthermore, thermodynamic calculation and infrared spectral analyses suggested that the main sorption force was hydrogen bonding in all the soil samples, and the entropy gain in the whole adsorbate‐adsorbent system was the main thermodynamic driving force. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 36: 997–1004, 2017
In this study, the effect of soil temperature and aging on the adsorption and desorption of menadione was investigated using the batch equilibrium method. The obtained isotherm data can be well fitted to the linearized form of the Freundlich equation, with R2 values ranging between 0.91 and 1.00. The adsorption and desorption of menadione in non‐aged (control) soil increased significantly when the temperature ranged between 15 and 37°C. Among soils that were amended with menadione and aged for 72 h, the sample with 2 μg·g−1 amendment showed significantly higher adsorption/desorption than those with 10 and 20 μg·g−1 amendments (P < 0.05). Thermodynamic and isotherm hysteresis analyses demonstrated that the sorption of menadione on the control and aged soils was a spontaneous and endothermic process. Physical sorption was the predominant mechanism, and there was negative hysteresis during desorption. Furthermore, thermodynamic calculation and infrared spectral analyses suggested that the main sorption force was hydrogen bonding in all the soil samples, and the entropy gain in the whole adsorbate‐adsorbent system was the main thermodynamic driving force. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 36: 997–1004, 2017
The adsorption process of the pharmaceutical pollutant in the soil is affected by its physicochemical properties and soil properties. In this study, the factors affecting the adsorption of tetracycline and diclofenac onto two different soils (S and M) were investigated using response surface methodology (RSM). The RSM design was used to optimize the five variable factors (pH (2–10), contact time (5–180 min), soil amount (1–10 g/L), temperature (25–45°C)) on the adsorption of tetracycline and diclofenac. The predicted optimal conditions obtained by RSM showed that pH was the most important variable affecting the adsorption of tetracycline and diclofenac. The optimum pH for the adsorption of tetracycline and diclofenac onto the soil samples S and M were found to be 4 and 2, respectively. The adsorbed amounts of tetracycline and diclofenac onto the soils S and M were calculated to be 14.82 mg/g, 12.43 mg/g, 189.40 mg/g, and 144.81 mg/g, respectively. In addition, the effects of soil organic matter, salt, and divalent cations on the adsorption of tetracycline and diclofenac onto soils were studied. The removal of soil organic matter slightly increased tetracycline adsorption, while inhibiting diclofenac adsorption. The presence of salt and divalent cations prominently suppressed the adsorption of tetracycline and diclofenac onto soils. A possible complex mechanism was proposed for TC and DCF adsorption, including ion exchange, electrostatic interaction, and some chemical bonds.
This study shows the effect of soil type and temperature on the adsorption and desorption behaviour of pendimethalin using a batch equilibration technique. Adsorption kinetics followed pseudo-second-order-model (R > 0.99). The shape of adsorption curve for studied soils was S-type at 30 and 40°C and L-type at 50°C. The isotherms were nonlinear and were well described by Freundlich equation. Adsorption capacity ranged from 1.4 to 2.2 μg g mL and the order of adsorption was: clay loam > sandy loam > loamy sand indicating strong affinity of pendimethalin towards organic matter and clay content. Irrespective of soil type, the adsorption of pendimethalin increased with increase in temperature suggesting endothermic process. Freundlich desorption coefficient was greater than adsorption in all soils at studied temperatures indicating hysteresis. Thermodynamic parameters revealed spontaneous adsorption process which becomes more favourable at high temperature. The adsorption of pendimethalin was dominated by surface adsorption at lower equilibrium concentration and partition at high concentrations.
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