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Boltri, John M.; Hash, Robert B.; Vogel, Robert L.

doi:10.1023/a:1020697017543

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…However, these figures do not reflect the true incidence of Lyme disease because in 2003 Connecticut stopped requiring mandatory laboratory reporting of the disease 5. Therefore, the true number of Lyme disease cases may be at least 10-fold higher than reported 5–7. The increasing trend of the disease has been ascribed to ineffective preventive measures, suboptimal treatment regimens, and incomplete understanding of the nature of the causative spirochete.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the last 10 years, Lyme disease has grown into a major public health problem in the USA and central Europe 5–7. The disease occurs in all age groups with equal prevalence in men and women 5–7.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The disease occurs in all age groups with equal prevalence in men and women 5–7. In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported that the number of Lyme disease cases has doubled during the last 15 years 5.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of in-vitro antibiotic susceptibility of different morphological forms of Borrelia burgdorferi

Sapi

Kaur²,

Anyanwu³

et al. 2011

IDR

133

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Background:Lyme disease is a tick-borne illness caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Although antibiotic therapy is usually effective early in the disease, relapse may occur when administration of antibiotics is discontinued. Studies have suggested that resistance and recurrence of Lyme disease might be due to formation of different morphological forms of B. burgdorferi, namely round bodies (cysts) and biofilm-like colonies. Better understanding of the effect of antibiotics on all morphological forms of B. burgdorferi is therefore crucial to provide effective therapy for Lyme disease.Methods:Three morphological forms of B. burgdorferi (spirochetes, round bodies, and biofilm-like colonies) were generated using novel culture methods. Minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of five antimicrobial agents (doxycycline, amoxicillin, tigecycline, metronidazole, and tinidazole) against spirochetal forms of B. burgdorferi were evaluated using the standard published microdilution technique. The susceptibility of spirochetal and round body forms to the antibiotics was then tested using fluorescent microscopy (BacLight™ viability staining) and dark field microscopy (direct cell counting), and these results were compared with the microdilution technique. Qualitative and quantitative effects of the antibiotics against biofilm-like colonies were assessed using fluorescent microscopy and dark field microscopy, respectively.Results:Doxycycline reduced spirochetal structures ∼90% but increased the number of round body forms about twofold. Amoxicillin reduced spirochetal forms by ∼85%–90% and round body forms by ∼68%, while treatment with metronidazole led to reduction of spirochetal structures by ∼90% and round body forms by ∼80%. Tigecycline and tinidazole treatment reduced both spirochetal and round body forms by ∼80%–90%. When quantitative effects on biofilm-like colonies were evaluated, the five antibiotics reduced formation of these colonies by only 30%–55%. In terms of qualitative effects, only tinidazole reduced viable organisms by ∼90%. Following treatment with the other antibiotics, viable organisms were detected in 70%–85% of the biofilm-like colonies.Conclusion:Antibiotics have varying effects on the different morphological forms of B. burgdorferi. Persistence of viable organisms in round body forms and biofilm-like colonies may explain treatment failure and persistent symptoms following antibiotic therapy of Lyme disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Evaluation of in-vitro antibiotic susceptibility of different morphological forms of Borrelia burgdorferi

Sapi

Kaur²,

Anyanwu³

et al. 2011

IDR

133

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This stage lasts for several weeks while the bacterium multiples in situ [12] and may be associated with the appearance of erythema migrans [13], which is one of the initial diagnostic signs for health care providers. However, this sign presents in only 35-60% of Lyme disease patients [10] and is only useful for some populations [14], making early diagnosis difficult. Other signs of Lyme disease include common nonspecific responses to infection such as unremitting fatigue, fever, aches in the muscles, headaches, and nausea [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lyme Disease Patient Outcomes and Experiences; A Retrospective Cohort Study

Rogerson

Lloyd

2020

Healthcare

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Lyme disease is a vector-borne illness caused by Borrelia spp. bacterium spread by ticks to humans and other mammals. Despite being prevalent in many regions of the world, there remains considerable uncertainty surrounding many aspects of the disease, and consensus on the most appropriate and effective means of treating the illness remains to be achieved. Recommendations published by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the International Lyme and Associated Diseases Society (ILADS), the primary guidelines followed by health care professionals treating Lyme disease, diverge in many of their key recommendations, including treatment duration. Given this lack of consensus, surprisingly little research has been conducted on patient outcomes following different treatment approaches. In this study, patient outcomes were evaluated from a cohort of 210 Canadian Lyme disease patients seeking treatment at one US Lyme disease clinic following a treatment regimen conforming to the ILADS treatment guidelines. It was found that the majority of Lyme disease patients at the clinic responded positively to treatment and a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in symptoms was observed over time. This study, along with related studies, may help to guide physicians to provide their patients with the most effective care.

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Provider Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Lyme Disease in Arkansas

Hill

Holmes

2014

J Community Health

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Lyme disease (LD), a vector-borne disease, causes illness for many individuals in the United States. All of the conditions for the promulgation of LD are present in one Southern state in the United States; yet this state reports lower numbers of LD than adjacent states. The purpose of this study was to determine associations between this Southern state's primary care providers' knowledge and attitudes regarding the diagnosis and reporting of LD. A quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted via a mailed questionnaire by the Arkansas Department of Health to 2,693 primary care providers. Respondents were 660 primary care providers from all regions of this state. Secondary data were analyzed using descriptive, Chi square, and logistic regression techniques. Analysis results included the following: a correct response rate of 59.1 % for symptom recognition, of 46.2 % for knowledge of recommended testing processes, and of 78.9 % for knowing LD is a reportable disease. These results compared to the expected norm were significant in every area with p values of .000. Specialty, region, and years of practice were found to be confounding influences in a number of assessment areas.

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Untitled

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

Evaluation of in-vitro antibiotic susceptibility of different morphological forms of Borrelia burgdorferi

Evaluation of in-vitro antibiotic susceptibility of different morphological forms of Borrelia burgdorferi

Lyme Disease Patient Outcomes and Experiences; A Retrospective Cohort Study

Provider Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Lyme Disease in Arkansas

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