Cortisol metabolism after weight loss: associations with 11 β‐<scp>HSD</scp> type 1 and markers of obesity in women

Rask, Eva; Simonyte, Kotryna; Lönn, Lars; Axelson, Magnus

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2012.04333.x

Cited by 26 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…Normal human eosinophil had glucocorticoid receptor which was capable of mediating biologic effects at physiologic hormonal concentrations [24]. In obesity, because of a down regulation of 11 β-HSD type 1 in the liver in parallel with an up regulation of the enzyme in adipose tissue [25], as well as because of increased plasma ACTH levels [26], cortisol production had a net increase. As a result, glucocorticoids may enhance eosinophil apoptosis through the intracellular glucocorticoid receptors [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eosinophil Inversely Associates with Type 2 Diabetes and Insulin Resistance in Chinese Adults

Zhū

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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ContextLimited population-based study focused on relationship between eosinophil and type 2 diabetes (T2D).ObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the relationship between peripheral eosinophil percentage and glucose metabolism and insulin resistance in a large sample size of Chinese population aged 40 and older.Design and MethodsA cross-sectional study was performed among 9,111 Chinese adults including 3,561 men and 5,550 women. The glucose metabolism status was confirmed by 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index and serum insulin levels were used to evaluate insulin resistance. Homeostasis model assessment-B was used to evaluate β cell function.ResultsThe average age of participants was 58.5 years. The prevalence of T2D decreased across the tertiles of eosinophil percentage (21.3%, 18.2% and 16.9%, P<0.0001). Each one tertile increase of eosinophil percentage inversely associated with risk of T2D when referred not only to normal glucose tolerance (NGT) (odds ratio (OR) 0.81, 95% CI 0.76–0.87, P< 0.0001), but also to impaired glucose regulation (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.83–0.97, P = 0.006), respectively, after adjustment for the confounding factors. Compared with the first tertile, the third tertile of eosinophil percentage associated with a 23% decrease of insulin resistance in NGT participants after full adjustments (P = 0.005). Each 1-standard deviation of increment of eosinophil percentage associated with a 37% decrease of insulin resistance (P = 0.005).ConclusionsHigher peripheral eosinophil percentage was associated with decreased risk of T2D. The inverse relation to insulin resistance was detected in NGT participants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eosinophil Inversely Associates with Type 2 Diabetes and Insulin Resistance in Chinese Adults

Zhū

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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“…The mechanisms underlying different cortisol excretion pathways and function in different fat depots were not investigated. Studies in bariatric patients showed a decrease of 11β-HSD1 expression and cortisol secretion after weight loss [55], suggesting that regulation of 11β-HSD1 pathway may be dependent on intrinsic factors within adipose tissue. 11β-HSD1 expression is increased by NF-κB, a key mediator of inflammation, and decreased by hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) [56].…”

Section: Cortisol Metabolism In Watmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymatic intracrine regulation of white adipose tissue

DiSilvestro

Petrosino

Aldoori

et al. 2014

Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation

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Abdominal fat formation has become a permanent risk factor for metabolic syndrome and various cancers in one-third of the world's population of obese and even lean patients. Formation of abdominal fat involves additional mechanisms beyond an imbalance in energy intake and expenditure, which explains systemic obesity. In this review, we briefly summarized autonomous regulatory circuits that locally produce hormones from inactive precursors or nutrients for intra-/auto-/paracrine signaling in white adipose depots. Enzymatic pathways activating steroid and thyroid hormones in adipose depots were compared with enzymatic production of retinoic acid from vitamin A. We discussed the role of intracrine circuits in fat-depot functions and strategies to reduce abdominal adiposity through thermogenic adipocytes with interrupted generation of retinoic acid.

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“…Studies on the nutritional regulation of 11β-HSD1 have focused on the effects of lipidogenic diets (Morton et al, 2004;London and Castonguay, 2011;Auvinen et al, 2012;Fernando et al, 2013), dietaryinduced obesity and weight reduction treatment (London and Castonguay, 2009;Simonyte et al, 2010;Rask et al, 2013), as well as of food restriction on 11β-HSD-1 in adipose tissue (Arai et al, 2004). To our knowledge, the effect of calorie restriction on 11β-HSD1 expression in the liver has not been investigated as yet.…”

Section: Abstract the Joint Effects Of Energy Restriction And Age Onmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interdependence of the peripheral metabolism of glucocorticoids and thyroid hormones under calorie deficit in rats at different ages

et al. 2014

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Cortisol metabolism after weight loss: associations with 11 β‐HSD type 1 and markers of obesity in women

Abstract: Long-term weight loss in women is not only followed by reduced glucocorticoid production, but also favourably decreases the global and tissue-specific activity of the cortisol-activating enzyme 11 β-HSD type 1, possibly contributing to the health benefits of bariatric surgery.

Cited by 26 publications

References 31 publications

Eosinophil Inversely Associates with Type 2 Diabetes and Insulin Resistance in Chinese Adults

Eosinophil Inversely Associates with Type 2 Diabetes and Insulin Resistance in Chinese Adults

Enzymatic intracrine regulation of white adipose tissue

Interdependence of the peripheral metabolism of glucocorticoids and thyroid hormones under calorie deficit in rats at different ages

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