22. Selling the Russians the Rope? Soviet Technology Policy and U.S. Export Controls

Gustafson, Thane

doi:10.1515/9783112418109-024

Cited by 3 publications

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“…In fact, the Soviet Computer Chess Federation noted that "[w]ith the intense interest in chess of the Soviet people and the early success of computer chess, it is perhaps surprising that from the mid-70s to 1988 there was little computer-chess activity in the Soviet Union" (Donskoy & Schaeffer, 1988). No competitive product was developed or produced in the Soviet Union or its satellite states and the 1979 Western trade embargo on electronics (the COCOM embargo) made it almost impossible to import microchipbased devices (Gustafson, 1981). We cannot fully exclude the availability of chess computer software, as there was a lot of software plagiarism (circumventing the trade embargo).…”

Section: Variables and Econometric Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Training with AI: Evidence from chess computers

Gaessler

Piezunka

2023

Strategic Management Journal

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We suggest that AI can help decision‐makers learn; specifically, that it can help them learn strategic interactions by serving as artificial training partners and thus help them to overcome a bottleneck of scarce human training partners. We present evidence from chess computers, the first widespread incarnation of AI. Leveraging the staggered diffusion of chess computers, we find that they did indeed help chess players improve by serving as a substitute for scarce human training partners. We also illustrate that chess computers were not a perfect substitute, as players training with them were not exposed to and thus did not learn to exploit idiosyncratic (“human”) mistakes. We discuss implications for research on learning, on AI in management and strategy, and on competitive advantage.

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Section: Variables and Econometric Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Training with AI: Evidence from chess computers

Gaessler

Piezunka

2023

Strategic Management Journal

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Trade in technology

Shvartz

Horesh

Raz³

1983

Technological Forecasting and Social Change

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Historical Patterns in the Scholarship of Technology Transfer

Seely¹

2003

ctt

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This essay is the first in a series authored by each Editor-in-Chief of Comparative Technology Transfer and Society to provide a sense of the scope and range of coverage the journal provides. It offers a historian's view of the development of the scholarship about technology transfer over the past half century, interweaving two primary threads. First, it identifies events and circumstances that have influenced and shaped real-world efforts to move technology in its many guises across boundaries— national, geographic, institutional, organizational, social, or otherwise. These historical situations have had a profound impact on the efforts of American policymakers and leaders in business, government, universities, and nongovernmental organizations who deal with technology transfer. These circumstances have produced significant changes of emphasis in the definition of technology transfer at different points in time. Scholars interested in technology transfer have taken their cues from the unfolding events of history, but they have also worked within a variety of disciplinary traditions. The second strand of this essay surveys a number of these disciplinary approaches to the study of technology transfer, with attention to a few principal problems and issues scholars have identified. By connecting historical events and trends within academic disciplines, this essay provides an overview of basic patterns within the scholarship related to technology transfer since 1950.

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22. Selling the Russians the Rope? Soviet Technology Policy and U.S. Export Controls

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Training with AI: Evidence from chess computers

Training with AI: Evidence from chess computers

Trade in technology

Historical Patterns in the Scholarship of Technology Transfer

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