210/225 Gbit/s PAM-6 Transmission with BER Below KP4-FEC/EFEC and at Least 14 dB Link Budget

Stojanović, Nebojša; Prodaniuc, Cristian; Zhang, Liang; Wei, Jinlong

doi:10.1109/ecoc.2018.8535246

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…5 show the BER of the PAM6 format. Here, PAM6 symbols are generated from a 32-QAM 2D constellation which maps five bits into two symbols with a spectral efficiency of 2.5 bits/symbol [25]. We sweep the symbol rate for PAM6 format from 70 Gbaud (= 70×2.5 Gbps = 175 Gbps interface rate) to 105 Gbuad (262.5 Gbps interface rate).…”

Section: A Pam Transmission Results With Linear Equalizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Net 220 Gbps/λ IM/DD Transmssion in O-Band and C-Band With Silicon Photonic Traveling-Wave MZM

Alam

Jacques

et al. 2021

J. Lightwave Technol.

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We present the design and characterization of Oband and C-band silicon photonic (SiP) traveling wave Mach-Zehnder modulators (TW-MZM) allowing 220 Gbps/λ net rate operation. The designed modulators show over 45 GHz 3-dB E-O bandwidth with a single-segment design. In the O-band, with simple linear feed forward equalization, we transmit net 203 (200) Gbps signal over 2 km (10 km) of single-mode fiber (SMF) below the hard-decision forward error correction (HD-FEC) BER threshold of 3.8×10 -3 . With the aid of nonlinear Volterra equalizer and one 2.3Vpp driving signal, we transmit net 225 (216) Gbps PAM8 signals assuming 20% overhead soft-decision FEC with a normalized general mutual information (NGMI) threshold of 0.8798 over 2 km (10 km) of SMF. The C-band design enables net 220 Gbps in B2B and net 215 Gbps over 500 m of SMF above the specified NGMI threshold. These results are the highest reported net rate for SiP MZM in an intensity modulation direct-detection (IM/DD) system, fabricated entirely in a commercial foundry. Index Terms-Intensity modulation, electrooptic modulators, optical interconnections, Volterra equalization.3, which is the highest reported rate for a Si MRM. In [12], 200 Gbps PAM6 (net 167 Gbps) signal transmission over 1 km of SMF was achieved at a BER below the 20% HD-FEC threshold of 1.5×10 -2 using a SiP TW-MZM with a 3-dB EO bandwidth

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Section: A Pam Transmission Results With Linear Equalizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Net 220 Gbps/λ IM/DD Transmssion in O-Band and C-Band With Silicon Photonic Traveling-Wave MZM

Alam

Jacques

et al. 2021

J. Lightwave Technol.

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“…It can be seen that applying DML-based IM/DD system in future data centers and 5G fronthaul networks to fulfill 100 Gbaud data rate is very promising. [50,51] * 59-GHz LE-TWEAM-DFB 214 PAM-4 10-km SMF 1305 3.8 × 10 -3 FFE 2016 [52,53] 55-GHz EAMDFB 300 DMT 10-km SMF 1305 2.7 × 10 -2 AMUX 2017 [54] 40-GHz DFB+MZM 200 PAM-4 0.5-km SSMF 1545 3.8 × 10 -3 MLSD 2017 [55] 100-GHz DFB-TWEAM 200 PAM-4 0.4-km SMF 1550 2 × 10 2 DFE 2017 [56] 100-GHz DFB-TWEAM 209/200 DMT 0.8-km SMF/ 1.6-km SMF 1550 2.7 × 10 -2 TD-NE 2018 [57] 54-GHz DFB+MZM 200/300 PAM-4/PAM-8 1.2-km SMF 1550 3.8 × 10 -3 / 2.7 × 10 -2 FDE 2018 [58] 100-GHz DFB-TWEAM 204 OOK 10-km SMF+DCF 1550 3.8 × 10 -3 FFE, MAP 2018 [59] 30-GHz CW+MZM 224 DMT 1-km SMF C-band 3.8 × 10 -3 NLE 2018 [60] 32-GHz CW+MZM 225 DB PAM-6 btb C-band 3.8 × 10 -3 NFFE, NC, MLSE 2018 [61] 100-GHz DFB-TWEAM 200 DMT 1.6-km SSMF 1550 2.7 × 10 -2 TD-NE 2019 [62] 100-GHz DFB-TWEAM 330 DMT-128QAM 0.4-km SMF C-band 2.7 × 10 -2 Lattice pilot algorithm for CE 2019 [63] 100-GHz DFB-TWEAM 204 OOK 10-km SMF 1550 3.8 × 10 -3 LFFE 2019 [64] 40-GHz CW+MZM 200 PAM-4 40-km SMF 1550 3.8 × 10 -3 Volterra 2019 [65] 65-GHz ECL+CC-SOH MZM 200 PAM-4 btb 1550 2.7 × 10 -2 -2019 [66] 22.5-GHz ECL+TW-MZM 200 PAM-6 btb 1547 2.7 × 10 -2 PF, MLSD 2019 [67] 30-GHz CW+MZM 240 3D DB PAM-8 btb 1551 3.8 × 10 -3 3D mapping, Volterra 2019 [68] 40-GHz EML 260 PS-PAM-8 1-km NZDSF 1538 2.7 × 10 -2 Pre-EQ clipping 2019 [69] 30-GHz CW+DDMZM 255 PAM-8 btb 1309 3.8 × 10 -3 NL-MLSE 2019 [70] 40-GHz EML 204.75 PAM-8 1-km SMF 1538 2.7 × 10 -2 FFE, LUT, ANF 2020 [4] 100-GHz DFB+TWEAM 200 PAM-4 0.4-km SMF 1550 2.7 × 10 -2 FFE, DFE 2020 [71] 100-GHz DML 321 DMT 2-km SMF 1295 2.7 × 10 -2 Linear Wiener filter, Volterra 2020 [17] 65-GHz DML 411/368 DMT 0/15-km SSMF 1313 2.7 × 10 -2 LMS * The first 200 Gb/s IM/DD transmission with a single-polarization single-wavelength.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond the 100 Gbaud directly modulated laser for short reach applications

Huang

et al. 2021

J. Semicond.

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It is very attractive to apply a directly modulated laser (DML)-based intensity-modulation and direct-detection (IM/DD) system in future data centers and 5G fronthaul networks due to the advantages of low cost, low system complexity, and high energy efficiency, which perfectly match the application scenarios of the data centers and 5G fronthaul networks, in which a large number of high-speed optical interconnections are needed. However, as the data traffic in the data centers and 5G fronthaul networks continues to grow exponentially, the future requirements for data rates beyond 100 Gbaud are challenging the existing DML-based IM/DD system, and the main bottleneck is the modulation bandwidth of the DML. In this paper, the data rate demands and technical standards of the data centers and 5G fronthaul networks are reviewed in detail. With the modulation bandwidth requirements, the technical routes and achievements of recent DMLs are reviewed and discussed. In this way, the prospects, challenges, and future development of DMLs in the applications of future data centers and 5G fronthaul networks are comprehensively explored.

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“…A pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) was generated and mapped to M-levels (M = 4, 6 and 8) of PAM-M. For the modulation formats PAM-4 and 8, Gray mapping was used. For PAM-6, 5 bits were mapped on 2 symbols [14] . Similarly for PS PAM-8, random symbols were drawn from either cap or cup MB distribution with desired entropy.…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Dspmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Comparison of Cap and Cup Probabilistically Shaped PAM for O-Band IM/DD Transmission System

Hossain

Böcherer

Rahman

et al. 2021

2021 European Conference on Optical Communication (ECOC)

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210/225 Gbit/s PAM-6 Transmission with BER Below KP4-FEC/EFEC and at Least 14 dB Link Budget

Cited by 27 publications

References 8 publications

Net 220 Gbps/λ IM/DD Transmssion in O-Band and C-Band With Silicon Photonic Traveling-Wave MZM

Net 220 Gbps/λ IM/DD Transmssion in O-Band and C-Band With Silicon Photonic Traveling-Wave MZM

Beyond the 100 Gbaud directly modulated laser for short reach applications

Experimental Comparison of Cap and Cup Probabilistically Shaped PAM for O-Band IM/DD Transmission System

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