2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death

Priori, Silvia G.; Blomström‐Lundqvist, Carina; Mazzanti, Andrea; Blom, Nico A.; Borggrefe, Martin; Camm, John; Elliott, Perry M.; Fitzsimons, Donna; Hatala, Róbert; Hindricks, Gerhard; Kirchhof, Paulus; Kjeldsen, Keld; Kück, Karl‐Heinz; Hernández‐Madrid, Antonio; Νικολάου, Νικόλαος; Norekvål, Tone M.; Spaulding, Christian; Veldhuisen, Dirk J. van

doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehv316

Cited by 3,295 publications

(1,719 citation statements)

References 781 publications

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“…Currently, LVEF is the gold standard for risk stratification of heart failure patients, and severe LVEF reduction is an indication for prophylactic ICD implantation 3, 4. However, LVEF reflects the global systolic function of the heart, and does not necessarily correlate with pathological changes in myocardium facilitating VT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Progressive heart failure and ventricular tachyarrhythmia (VT) are the most common cause of sudden death in these patients 3. Current guidelines for primary prevention with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) are based on the degree of LV ejection fraction (LVEF ≤ 30%‐40%) reduction 3, 4. However, patients with ischaemic heart disease seem to have more benefit from prophylactic ICD implantation 5, 6, 7.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although LVEF is currently the best marker for risk stratification, it lacks specificity and many DCM patients with ICDs never receive appropriate therapies 9, 10. It is well known that VT also occurs in patients with borderline or mildly reduced LVEF 3. Non‐invasive testing and LVEF could not reliably identify patients with DCM at risk of fatal VTs 11.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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GDF‐15 is a better complimentary marker for risk stratification of arrhythmic death in non‐ischaemic, dilated cardiomyopathy than soluble ST2

Stojković

Kaider

Koller

et al. 2018

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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Growth differentiation factor (GDF)‐15 and soluble ST2 (sST2) are established prognostic markers in acute and chronic heart failure. Assessment of these biomarkers might improve arrhythmic risk stratification of patients with non‐ischaemic, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) based on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). We studied the prognostic value of GDF‐15 and sST2 for prediction of arrhythmic death (AD) and all‐cause mortality in patients with DCM. We prospectively enrolled 52 patients with DCM and LVEF ≤ 50%. Primary end‐points were time to AD or resuscitated cardiac arrest (RCA), and secondary end‐point was all‐cause mortality. The median follow‐up time was 7 years. A cardiac death was observed in 20 patients, where 10 patients had an AD and 2 patients had a RCA. One patient died a non‐cardiac death. GDF‐15, but not sST2, was associated with increased risk of the AD/RCA with a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.1 (95% CI = 1.1‐4.3; P = .031). GDF‐15 remained an independent predictor of AD/RCA after adjustment for LVEF with adjusted HR of 2.2 (95% CI = 1.1‐4.5; P = .028). Both GDF‐15 and sST2 were independent predictors of all‐cause mortality (adjusted HR = 2.4; 95% CI = 1.4‐4.2; P = .003 vs HR = 1.6; 95% CI = 1.05‐2.7; P = .030). In a model including GDF‐15, sST2, LVEF and NYHA functional class, only GDF‐15 was significantly associated with the secondary end‐point (adjusted HR = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.05‐5.2; P = .038). GDF‐15 is superior to sST2 in prediction of fatal arrhythmic events and all‐cause mortality in DCM. Assessment of GDF‐15 could provide additional information on top of LVEF and help identifying patients at risk of arrhythmic death.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

GDF‐15 is a better complimentary marker for risk stratification of arrhythmic death in non‐ischaemic, dilated cardiomyopathy than soluble ST2

Stojković

Kaider

Koller

et al. 2018

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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“…Catheter ablation of VT is an important therapy option that gathers more and more clinical relevance as recommended by the current guidelines 3. Different ablation strategies have been shown to be effective in reducing the recurrence rate of VT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the present guidelines of the European and American societies of cardiology, catheter ablation (CA) is a highly recommended therapy option for these patients 2, 3. Challenges encountered during CA of VT include hemodynamic instability and lack of inducibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catheter ablation of hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia in ischemic cardiomyopathy using high‐resolution mapping

Kaiser

Jularic

Akbulak

et al. 2017

Clinical Case Reports

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Key Clinical MessageCatheter ablation is a recommended therapy option for ventricular tachycardia (VT). The antegrade transseptal approach for targeting VT with left ventricular origin is feasible with the high‐resolution basket catheter. High‐resolution mapping offers the potential to quickly acquire detailed voltage and activation maps. This may help to identify the crucial VT‐substrate even in patients with huge scar areas and hemodynamically unstable VT.

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Levels of Evidence Supporting American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association and European Society of Cardiology Guidelines, 2008-2018

Wang

Califf

Windecker

et al. 2019

JAMA

164

141

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IMPORTANCE Clinical decisions are ideally based on evidence generated from multiple randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating clinical outcomes, but historically, few clinical guideline recommendations have been based entirely on this type of evidence. OBJECTIVE To determine the class and level of evidence (LOE) supporting current major cardiovascular society guideline recommendations, and changes in LOE over time.

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2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death

Cited by 3,295 publications

References 781 publications

GDF‐15 is a better complimentary marker for risk stratification of arrhythmic death in non‐ischaemic, dilated cardiomyopathy than soluble ST2

GDF‐15 is a better complimentary marker for risk stratification of arrhythmic death in non‐ischaemic, dilated cardiomyopathy than soluble ST2

Catheter ablation of hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia in ischemic cardiomyopathy using high‐resolution mapping

Levels of Evidence Supporting American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association and European Society of Cardiology Guidelines, 2008-2018

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